Mechanisms of Deep Brain Stimulation for Epilepsy and Associated Comorbidities

Deng, Jiahui; Luan, Guoming

doi:10.4172/neuropsychiatry.1000s1005

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Significant differences in responses to self-report psychometric scales between the three participant groups were found across three measures of emotion reactivity and regulation ability (Emotion Reactivity Scale, . 2) with scores not significantly different to either the healthy control group or the patients diagnosed with psychiatric disorders following corrections for multiple comparisons (p>0.0245; Wilcoxon rank sum), consistent with the known co-morbidity of epilepsy and psychiatric symptoms (58). No significant correlation was found between z-scored scale scores and block-averaged reaction time performance on the ECR task (average zscored RT difference between congruent to incongruent trials minus incongruent to incongruent trials (CI-II), or accuracy).…”

Section: Self-reported Emotion Reactivity and Emotion Regulationsupporting

confidence: 65%

Bidirectional modulation of human emotional conflict resolution using intracranial stimulation

Yousefi

Ellard

et al. 2019

Preprint

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The ability to regulate emotions in the service of meeting ongoing goals and task demands is a key aspect of adaptive human behavior in our volatile social world. Consequently, difficulties in processing and responding to emotional stimuli underlie many psychiatric diseases ranging from depression to anxiety, the common thread being effects on behavior. Behavior, which is made up of shifting, difficult to measure hidden states such as attention and emotion reactivity, is a product of integrating external input and latent mental processes. Directly measuring, and differentiating, separable hidden cognitive, emotional, and attentional states contributing to emotion conflict resolution, however, is challenging, particularly when only using task-relevant behavioral measures such as reaction time. State-space representations are a powerful method for investigating hidden states underlying complex systems. Using state-space modeling of behavior, we identified relevant hidden cognitive states and predicted behavior in a standardized emotion regulation task. After identifying and validating models which best fit the behavior and narrowing our focus to one model, we used targeted intracranial stimulation of the emotion regulation-relevant neurocircuitry, including prefrontal structures and the amygdala, to causally modulate separable states. Finally, we focused on this one validated state-space model to perform real-time, bidirectional closed-loop adaptive stimulation in a subset of participants. These approaches enable an improved understanding of how to sample and understand emotional processing in a way which could be leveraged in neuromodulatory therapy for disorders of emotional regulation.

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Section: Self-reported Emotion Reactivity and Emotion Regulationsupporting

confidence: 65%

Bidirectional modulation of human emotional conflict resolution using intracranial stimulation

Yousefi

Ellard

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…It becomes evident that the optimal parameters for seizure reduction are undetermined with considerations spanning location (thalamic, cerebellar, cortical foci, basal ganglia, and white matter), frequency (0.1 to 400 Hz), duration (ms to days), and open or closed loop delivery. 24 Furthermore, the delayed therapeutic effects that emerge over several weeks to years suggest large network targeting and remodeling. Additionally, while gray matter effects have been historically focused on, direct involvement of axonal fibers rather than gray matter underly neurostimulation effects in on Parkinson’s disease, pain, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and epilepsy.…”

Section: Neurostimulation Therapies In Clinical Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Neurostimulation for Epilepsy

Toprani,

Durand

2023

Epilepsy Curr

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This review discusses the use of neurostimulation therapies for epilepsy treatment, including vagal nerve stimulation, responsive neurostimulation, and deep brain stimulation. Different therapeutic strategies and their underlying mechanisms are explored, with a focus on optimizing parameters for seizure reduction. The review also highlights the paradigm shift toward a more diverse and multimodal approach to deep brain neuromodulation.

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“…Emellett szól, hogy nemcsak a zárt körű, hanem az időszakos stimuláció hatékonysága is növelhető a stimuluscsomag időtartamának nyújtásával. A magas frekvenciájú hippocampalis stimuláció hosszabban tartó elektrofiziológiai hatást ért el, ha 1 perc helyett 6 percig tartott a stimuluscsomag [27].…”

Section: Megbeszélésunclassified

The Effect of Deep Brain Stimulation on High Frequency Oscillations in a Chronic Epilepsy Model

Mihály

Bod

Orbán-Kis

et al. 2020

Bulletin of Medical Sciences

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Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a severe neurological disease which is often pharmacoresistant. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a novel method for treating epilepsy; however, its mechanism of action is not fully understood. We aimed to study the effect of amygdala DBS in the pilocarpine model of TLE. Status epilepticus was induced by pilocarpine in male Wistar rats, and spontaneous seizures occurred after a latency period. A stimulating electrode was inserted into the left basolateral amygdala and two recording electrodes into the left and right hippocampus. A stimulus package consisted of 0.1 ms-long biphasic pulses applied regularly at 4 Hz for 50 seconds. This package was repeated four times a day, with 5-minute pauses, for 10 days. We also used an age-matched healthy control group of stimulated animals and another one of sham-operated rats. From the hippocampal local field potentials high frequency oscillations (HFOs) were analyzed as these are promising epilepsy biomarkers. HFOs are short oscillatory events between 80-600 Hz which were detected offline using an open-source application of MATLAB, the RIPPLELAB system. We found that the HFO rate was significantly higher in pilocarpine-treated rats compared to the control groups (0.41 ± 0.14 HFO/min vs. 0.006 ± 0.003 in the stimulated control group and no HFO in the sham-operated group). In the pilocarpine group an instantaneous decrease in HFO rate was observed while the stimulation was on (0.44 ± 0.15 HFO/min vs 0.07 ± 0.03 HFO/min, p=0.017). The effect was short-lived because the frequency of HFOs did not change significantly in the time windows between stimulus packages or during the ten-day stimulation period. The difference of HFO rates between epileptic and control groups could be used in the electrographic assessment of epilepsy. The decreased frequency of HFOs during stimulation may be useful to study the efficacy of DBS.

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Mechanisms of Deep Brain Stimulation for Epilepsy and Associated Comorbidities

Cited by 3 publications

References 98 publications

Bidirectional modulation of human emotional conflict resolution using intracranial stimulation

Bidirectional modulation of human emotional conflict resolution using intracranial stimulation

Mechanisms of Neurostimulation for Epilepsy

The Effect of Deep Brain Stimulation on High Frequency Oscillations in a Chronic Epilepsy Model

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