Mechanisms of Cortical Electrical Activity and Emergence of Gamma Rhythm

Rennie, Christopher J.; Wright, J. J.; Robinson, P. A.

doi:10.1006/jtbi.2000.2040

Cited by 145 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Instead, it considers responses that are pooled across a group of cells. Dynamics of such models have been discussed by several authors (David and Friston 2003;Freeman 1975;Jansen and Rit 1995;Jirsa and Haken 1997;Nunez and Srinivasan 2006;Robinson et al 1997Robinson et al , 1998Robinson et al , 2001Rennie et al 2000). Although these models incorporate a nonlinear response function similar to the one in Eq.…”

Section: Gain and Threshold Modulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticipation of natural stimuli modulates EEG dynamics: physiology and simulation

Fründ

Schadow

Busch

et al. 2008

Cognitive Neurodynamics

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In everyday life we often encounter situations in which we can expect a visual stimulus before we actually see it. Here, we study the impact of such stimulus anticipation on the actual response to a visual stimulus. Participants were to indicate the sex of deer and cattle on photographs of the respective animals. On some trials, participants were cued on the species of the upcoming animal whereas on other trials this was not the case. Time frequency analysis of the simultaneously recorded EEG revealed modulations by this cue stimulus in two time windows. Early ð%100 msÞ spectral responses ð%20 HzÞ displayed strongest stimulus-locking for stimuli that were preceded by a cue if they were sufficiently large. Late ð%300 ms; 40 HzÞ responses displayed enhanced amplitudes in response to large stimuli and to stimuli that were preceded by a cue. For late responses, however, no interaction between cue and stimulus size was observed. We were able to explain these results in a simulation by prestimulus gain modulations (early response) and by decreased response thresholds (late response). Thus, it seems plausible, that stimulus anticipation results in a pretuning of local neural populations.

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Section: Gain and Threshold Modulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticipation of natural stimuli modulates EEG dynamics: physiology and simulation

Fründ

Schadow

Busch

et al. 2008

Cognitive Neurodynamics

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“…[10], Robinson et al [14], and Rennie et al [13], to our knowledge this is the first mean-field formulation that attempts to describe the gross changes in brain electrical activity for the cycles of natural sleep. The present model is similar in form and philosophy to that developed previously by the authors to describe the abrupt "anaestheto-dynamic" transition into unconsciousness for a cortex subdued by general anaesthetic agent ( [15][16][17][18]; see [19] for an overview), albeit with an obvious and interesting contrast: here we are concerned with a natural, self-generated "rousing" transition from deep sleep (SWS) to an activated cortical state (REM sleep).…”

Section: Mean-field Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2-3) are dimensionless weighting functions that scale the effectiveness of the jk input flux in proportion to the difference between the cell voltage V k of the receiving neuron and the relevant ionic reversal potential V rev j [10,13],…”

Section: Integral Equations For the Macrocolumnmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Sleep Cycle Modelled as a Cortical Phase Transition

Steyn-Ross

Sleigh

et al. 2005

J Biol Phys

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Abstract. We present a mean-field model of the cortex that attempts to describe the gross changes in brain electrical activity for the cycles of natural sleep. We incorporate within the model two major sleep modulatory effects: slow changes in both synaptic efficiency and in neuron resting voltage caused by the ∼90-min cycling in acetylcholine, together with even slower changes in resting voltage caused by gradual elimination during sleep of somnogens (fatigue agents) such as adenosine. We argue that the change from slow-wave sleep (SWS) to rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep can be understood as a firstorder phase transition from a low-firing, coherent state to a high-firing, desychronized cortical state. We show that the model predictions for changes in EEG power, spectral distribution, and correlation time at the SWS-to-REM transition are consistent not only with those observed in clinical recordings of a sleeping human subject, but also with the on-cortex EEG patterns recently reported by Destexhe et al. [J. Neurosci. 19(11), (1999) [4595][4596][4597][4598][4599][4600][4601][4602][4603][4604][4605][4606][4607][4608] for the sleeping cat.

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“…P&S suggest that computational modeling provides an important way forward in elucidating interactions of NMDA activity with other neurotransmitter systems. A numerical simulation of whole-brain neurophysiology developed by our group has demonstrated that enhanced Gamma activity emerges from an increase of gain-related parameters of the thalamo-cortical feedback loop and associated cortical arousal (Rennie et al 2000). The reliance of this approach on physiological parameters offers a quantitative means to examine neurotransmitter function in relation to synchronous brain activity.…”

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confidence: 99%

Combating fuzziness with computational modeling

Talamini¹,

Meeter²,

Murre³

2003

Behav Brain Sci

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Cognitive neuroscience provides a new conceptual framework for psychiatry by showing how psychological processes arise from neuronal activity (Kandel 1998). Conversely, it is possible that psychiatry will influence the future development of cognitive neuroscience by encouraging a better balance between localist and holistic conceptions of brain function. An apparent conflict between these conceptions has been central to the development of neuroscience, with the emphasis upon locally specialized functions emerging as clearly dominant. Neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, neuropsychology, and neuroimaging all show that different regions of the brain process information about different things, and that different cells within regions deal with different aspects of those things. Recent developments in experimental and theoretical neurobiology, however, are leading to an increased emphasis upon interactions that coordinate the activity of locally specialized processors. Here we argue that impairment of these coor-BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN SCIENCES (2003) Abstract:The concept of locally specialized functions dominates research on higher brain function and its disorders. Locally specialized functions must be complemented by processes that coordinate those functions, however, and impairment of coordinating processes may be central to some psychotic conditions. Evidence for processes that coordinate activity is provided by neurobiological and psychological studies of contextual disambiguation and dynamic grouping. Mechanisms by which this important class of cognitive functions could be achieved include those long-range connections within and between cortical regions that activate synaptic channels via NMDAreceptors, and which control gain through their voltage-dependent mode of operation. An impairment of these mechanisms is central to PCP-psychosis, and the cognitive capabilities that they could provide are impaired in some forms of schizophrenia. We conclude that impaired cognitive coordination due to reduced ion flow through NMDA-channels is involved in schizophrenia, and we suggest that it may also be involved in other disorders. This perspective suggests several ways in which further research could enhance our understanding of cognitive coordination, its neural basis, and its relevance to psychopathology.Keywords: attention; cerebral cortex; cognitive coordination; cognitive neuropsychiatry; cognitive neuropsychology; context disorganization; Gamma rhythms; Gestalt theory; glutamate; grouping; memory; NMDA-receptors; PCP-psychosis; perceptual organization; schizophrenia William A. Phillips, Ph.D., is Professor of Neuropsychology at the University of Stirling, Scotland UK. He has published more than 70 papers on vision, visual memory, perceptual learning, childrens drawings, the effects of brain damage on reading and writing, and the theory of neuronal computation. He was a founder and the first Director of the Center for Cognitive and Computational Neuroscience at the University of Stirling.Steven M. Silverstein, Ph.D., is A...

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Mechanisms of Cortical Electrical Activity and Emergence of Gamma Rhythm

Cited by 145 publications

References 32 publications

Anticipation of natural stimuli modulates EEG dynamics: physiology and simulation

Anticipation of natural stimuli modulates EEG dynamics: physiology and simulation

The Sleep Cycle Modelled as a Cortical Phase Transition

Combating fuzziness with computational modeling

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