“…H9c2 cardiomyoblasts have been used for mitochondrial toxicity assessment of DOX, and demonstrated increased mitochondrial swelling [ 278 ], mtROS [ 279 ], mitochondrial fission [ 280 ], decreased MMP [ 281 ], and OCR and ATP production [ 282 ], whereas trastuzumab led to increased mtROS and decreased MMP [ 185 ]. Treatment of H9c2 cells with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as imatinib, sorafenib, and sunitinib, resulted in mitochondrial swelling, cristae loss, MMP reduction, inhibition of MRC complexes, superoxide accumulation, and cellular GSH depletion [ 283 , 284 , 285 ]. Similar mitochondrial impairments were also observed with other toxicants, such as As 2 O 3 [ 286 ] and simvastatin [ 151 ].…”