Mechanisms of carbon storage in mountainous headwater rivers

Wohl, Ellen; Dwire, Kathleen A.; Sutfin, Nicholas A.; Polvi, Lina E.; Bazan, Roberto

doi:10.1038/ncomms2274

Cited by 161 publications

(184 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…In this way, fluvially transported organic matter can be explained by soil erosion and sedimentary deposits [27], considering that organic material is mainly discharged from flat watersheds due to their past rainfall changes. Relatively complex, physically-based models have been developed to represent OC mobilization and export from terrestrial sources (e.g., [28,29]). While they provide promising results, the requirement for intensive computation and sophisticated modelling may hinder further applications at large spatial (e.g., regions) or temporal (e.g., future climate scenarios) scales.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A First Regional-Scale Estimate of Climate-Driven Terrestrial Carbon Export in Boreal Catchments

Diodato¹,

Esposito

Bellocchi

2018

Climate

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Abstract:Highly dynamic hydro-geomorphic processes are known to drive exports of carbon (C) from river basins, but are not yet fully understood. Within this study, we simulated total organic carbon (TOC) exports at the outlet of Lake Simojärvi in the Gulf of Bothnia (Finland) with a parsimonious hydrological model. With thorough consideration of the dependence of erosion and sediment transport processes on seasonal precipitation rates, a satisfactory agreement was obtained between modelling and experimental observations . This provided confidence in the capability of the parsimonious model to represent temporal and spatial export dynamics. In the period 1860-2014, TOC export at the outlet of Lake Simojärvi was estimated to be highest on average (~5.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A First Regional-Scale Estimate of Climate-Driven Terrestrial Carbon Export in Boreal Catchments

Diodato¹,

Esposito

Bellocchi

2018

Climate

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“…Focusing more specifically on soil organic carbon, the major component of soil organic matter, its storage in alluvial soils may vary as a function of several variables. For instance, the frequency of flooding (Bernal and Mitsch, 2008) and the concomitant deposition of carbon-rich sediments usually lead to an increase in soil organic carbon stocks (Cierjacks et al, 2011;Wohl et al, 2012), either in the humic layer or in the underlying organic matter layers enriched within the profile (Blazejewski et al, 2009;Cierjacks et al, 2010) thus preserving autochthonous organic material (Zehetner et al, 2009). Moreover, vegetation directly influences soil carbon accumulation and consequently soil development by aboveground and belowground inputs (Giese et al, 2000) leading to high spatial heterogeneity in terms of vertical and horizontal SOM distribution (Blazejewski et al, 2009;Drouin et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon storage and soil organic matter stabilisation in near-natural, restored and embanked Swiss floodplains

et al. 2014

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Over recent decades, the number of floodplain restoration projects has increased worldwide. In Switzerland, several projects have been implemented to maintain or recreate ecological functions of floodplains. Despite this, little is known about the potential of floodplain soils to release and/or accumulate carbon. In alluvial soils, carbon storage is strongly influenced by fluvial dynamics, and therefore a better understanding of carbon fluxes and stocks in such settings is clearly needed. To evaluate the impact of river restoration on carbon storage in alluvial soils, we aimed to quantify and explain carbon storage and soil organic matter (SOM) stabilisation in the uppermost soil humic layer. Three floodplains were investigated showing each of them different levels of human disturbance: a near-natural section along the Rhine River, and both restored and embanked sections along the Thur River and Emme River. Carbon storage was determined by total organic carbon (TOC) stocks. SOM stabilisation was evaluated by considering the TOC content in different granulometric fractions (1000-2000 μm, 500-1000 μm, and 250-500 μm) and the macroaggregate formation, i.e. the abundance of water-stable aggregates (WSA) and the mean weight diameter of macro-aggregates (MWD). Our results show that the carbon storage and SOM stabilisation parameters were all related to soil properties such as clay, silt and total iron contents of the upper humic layer. Within each floodplain, carbon storage and SOM stabilisation parameters differed according to soil profile groups, thus reflecting a soil gradient evolution from bare alluvium soils to more stabilised soils and a hydric functioning (soils with hydromorphic features). In addition, river restoration showed various impacts on carbon storage and SOM stabilisation parameters depending on the floodplains, with a significant difference between embanked and restored sections for the Emme floodplain and no difference for the Thur floodplain.

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“…So the BAU condition in both segments indicated that the total carbon stock stored was estimated at 183,035.7 ton C in 2020 or 9,356.57 ton C deficit from 2012. Carbon storage reduction in the BAU scenarios is also stated in Wohl, Dwire, Sutfin, Polvi and Bazan (2012) that historical changes in riverine complexity have likely reduced carbon storage in mountain's headwater rivers in Rocky Mountain National Park, USA.…”

Section: Carbon Stock and Comentioning

confidence: 97%

Low Carbon Development Strategy on Land Use Sector in Ciliwung Middle-Stream Watershed

2015

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LOW CARBON DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY FOR LAND USE SECTOR IN CILIWUNG MIDDLE-STREAM WATERSHED. The second (2 nd ) and third (3 rd ) segment of Ciliwung middle-stream watershed land use have changed drastically over the past two decades. This paper analyses the land use change from 1989-2012 and its impact on decreasing carbon stock or increasing CO 2 eq emission, as well as to establish projected Reference Level (RL) to 2020. Best RL projection was used to establish the Low Carbon Development Strategy (LCDS) in both segments. The land use changing from 1989-2012 indicated a reduction of green space area by 2,575.57 ha whereas the non-green space area increased by 2,575.57 ha. These changes decreases the carbon stock by 26,900 ton C and released CO 2 eq emission by about 98,723 ton CO 2 eq. Population growth, demand on land and land constraints were found to be the driving factors of land use changes in this area. Reference Level 2020 was established based on business as usual (BAU) and forward looking (FL) scenarios. The projection showed that FL was the best scenario which estimated carbon storage at 217,610 ton C in 2020. Low carbon development strategy directed to the area of green space added up to 20% carbon storage through the implementation of the strategy based on green space and non-green space which covered the areas from protection, supervision, extension or awareness and law enforcement.Keywords: Carbon stock, Ciliwung watershed, land use, reference level STRATEGI PEMBANGUNAN RENDAH KARBON UNTUK PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI DAS CILIWUNG BAGIAN TENGAH. Segmen kedua dan ketiga yang merupakan bagian dari DAS

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Mechanisms of carbon storage in mountainous headwater rivers

Cited by 161 publications

References 39 publications

A First Regional-Scale Estimate of Climate-Driven Terrestrial Carbon Export in Boreal Catchments

A First Regional-Scale Estimate of Climate-Driven Terrestrial Carbon Export in Boreal Catchments

Carbon storage and soil organic matter stabilisation in near-natural, restored and embanked Swiss floodplains

Low Carbon Development Strategy on Land Use Sector in Ciliwung Middle-Stream Watershed

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