Mechanisms of Brown Planthopper Resistance in Mudgo Variety of Rice (Hemiptera : Delphacidae)

Sogawa, Kazushige; Pathak, M. D.

doi:10.1303/aez.5.145

Cited by 127 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Similar observations have also been recorded in rice varieties to brown planthopper and green leafhopper (Sogawa and Pathak 1970;Cheng and Pathak 1972;Karim 1975;Reddy and Kalode 1985;Heinrichs et al 1985;Khan and Saxena 1985b). Histology of fed tissue showed that there were no physical or mechanical barriers to prevent the insect feeding on resistant varieties where majority of the stylet sheaths reached vascular bundles (table 4).…”

Section: Feeding Behavioursupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Histology of fed tissue showed that there were no physical or mechanical barriers to prevent the insect feeding on resistant varieties where majority of the stylet sheaths reached vascular bundles (table 4). Sogawa and Pathak (1970) also did not find any mechanical barrier to feeding by N. lugens in the resistant variety, Mudgo. Cheng and Pathak (1972) concluded that resistance to N. uirescens cannot be attributed to mechanical factors.…”

Section: Feeding Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 72%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nature of resistance in selected rice varieties and population fluctuation of green leafhoppers,Nephotettix virescens (Distant) andNephotettix nigropictus (Stål)

Viswanathan

Kalode

1987

Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. (Anim. Sci.)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In multiple 'Choice tests with 30-day-old plants of resistant and, susceptible varieties. both the species of green leafhoppers, N ephotettix »irescens (Distant) and N ephotettlx niqropictus (Stal) exhibited relative non-preference to highly resistant varieties (Ptb 2, Ptb 7 and Ptb 18) both for settling and oviposition. Even when 100 first instar nymphs were caged on individual 25-day-old plants of highly resistant varieties, the plants suffered very low damage and also induced high mortality of nymphs. Different ages of the plants had no influence on the antibiosis mechanism of resistant varieties. Feeding behaviour studies revealed that both the species made more punctures and excreted less honeydew while feeding on resistant varieties than on susceptible ones. Histological studies indicated no mechanical barrier for feeding in resistant varieties.. Field investigations indicated that resistant varieties viz Ptb 18, Ptb 2 and Ptb 7 harboured less population of green leafhoppers and had relatively nil or very low incidence of tungro virus disease. An year round survey in the rice ecosystem and marshy habitat where Leersia hexandra grows in abundance revealed that although both the species coexisted in rice fields, Nephotettix niqropictus alone was present in the marshy habitat.

show abstract

Section: Feeding Behavioursupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Feeding Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 72%

Nature of resistance in selected rice varieties and population fluctuation of green leafhoppers,Nephotettix virescens (Distant) andNephotettix nigropictus (Stål)

Viswanathan

Kalode

1987

Proc. Indian Acad. Sci. (Anim. Sci.)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The application concentrations of fipronil were: 12.5 mg/l, 25 mg/l, 37.5 mg/l, 50 mg/l, 62.5 mg/l, respectively; therefore, the quantities of fipronil applied to the BPH were: 2.50ϫ10 Ϫ3 mg, 5.00ϫ10 Ϫ3 mg, 7.50ϫ10 Ϫ3 mg, 1.00ϫ10 Ϫ2 mg, 1.25ϫ10 Ϫ2 mg. Previous studies (Sogawa and Pathak, 1970) indicated a positive relationship between ingestion and honeydew excretion by BPH so in our experiments the quantity of honeydew excretion was used as an indicator of the feeding rate of the hopper. A Parafilm sachet was hung on a rice stem about 5 cm above the water surface.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Effect of fipronil on the reproduction, feeding, and relative fitness of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens

Ling

Zhang

et al. 2009

Appl. Entomol. Zool.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Applications of fipronil (1.25ϫ10Ϫ2 mg) and fipronil (7.50ϫ10 Ϫ3 mg) significantly stimulated the fecundity of Nilaparvata lugens compared with the control. The stimulating effect of fipronil on fecundity was dose-dependent. Fifteen and 30 days after treatment, the quantity of honeydew significantly increased in 1.25ϫ10Ϫ2 mg fipronil treatment. Fifteen days after treatment, the effect of fipronil on the quantity of honeydew was dose-dependent. The results revealed that the fipronil treatment group had developmental advantages. Selection with 25 mg/l fipronil led to a continuous increase in the resistance ratio (from 1.0 to 30.05) in eight generations. The life table indicated that the resistant strain had obvious disadvantages, including decreasing the survival rate from 3rd to 5th instar in G8 generation and decreasing fecundity in G5 generation. Compared with the susceptible strain, resistant insects had a relative fitness of only 0.577 and 0.750. The lower fitness includes a lower larval survival rate from 3rd to 5th instar (in G8 generation), lower adult emergence rate (in G8 generation), lower copulation rate (in G8 generation), lower fecundity (in G5 generation) and fewer offspring. It was concluded that the brown planthopper had the potential to develop high resistance to fipronil but that the lower fitness of resistant hoppers could result in quick recovery of sensitivity when the population did not come into contact with fipronil. This means that a reasonable resistance management program with less fipronil use may efficiently delay or even stop resistance development.

show abstract

“…In the past, researchers considered that it might be governed by the presence of chemicals confined to the phloem (Sogawa and Pathak, 1970). Bph1 was the first BPH resistance gene identified and is associated with the production of flavonoids, including SA; amino acids, such as Asp, Glu, Ala, Ser, Leu, Asn, and Val; and organic acids, such as succinic acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, and transaconitic acid (Sogawa and Pathak, 1970;Sogawa, 1976). There is now considerable evidence to suggest that induced defenses are effective and have low fitness costs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Herbivore-Induced Callose Deposition on the Sieve Plates of Rice: An Important Mechanism for Host Resistance

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stål; BPH) is a specialist herbivore on rice (Oryza sativa) that ingests phloem sap from the plant through its stylet mouthparts. Electronic penetration graphs revealed that BPH insects spent more time wandering over plants carrying the resistance genes Bph14 and Bph15, but less time ingesting phloem than they did on susceptible plants. They also showed that their feeding was frequently interrupted. Tests with [ 14 C]sucrose showed that insects ingested much less phloem sap from the resistant than the susceptible plants. BPH feeding up-regulated callose synthase genes and induced callose deposition in the sieve tubes at the point where the stylet was inserted. The compact callose remained intact in the resistant plants, but genes encoding b-1,3-glucanases were activated, causing unplugging of the sieve tube occlusions in susceptible plants. Continuing ingestion led to a remarkable reduction in the susceptible plants' sucrose content and activation of the RAmy3D gene, leading to starch hydrolysis and ultimately carbohydrate deprivation in the plants. Our results demonstrate that BPH feeding induces the deposition of callose on sieve plates in rice and that this is an important defense mechanism that prevents insects from ingesting phloem sap. In response, however, the BPH can unplug sieve tube occlusions by activating b-1,3-glucanase genes in rice plants.

show abstract

Mechanisms of Brown Planthopper Resistance in Mudgo Variety of Rice (Hemiptera : Delphacidae)

Cited by 127 publications

References 7 publications

Nature of resistance in selected rice varieties and population fluctuation of green leafhoppers,Nephotettix virescens (Distant) andNephotettix nigropictus (Stål)

Nature of resistance in selected rice varieties and population fluctuation of green leafhoppers,Nephotettix virescens (Distant) andNephotettix nigropictus (Stål)

Effect of fipronil on the reproduction, feeding, and relative fitness of brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens

Herbivore-Induced Callose Deposition on the Sieve Plates of Rice: An Important Mechanism for Host Resistance

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About