Mechanisms of antixenosis, antibiosis, and tolerance of fourteen soybean genotypes in response to whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci)

Abstract

Sulistyo A, Inayati A. 2016. Mechanisms of antixenosis, antibiosis, and tolerance of fourteen soybean genotypes in response to whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci). Biodiversitas 17: 447-453. The attack of whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) in soybean cultivation in Indonesia is one of the limiting factors in increasing the national soybean production. Planting resistant varieties could reduce yield losses due to the damage caused by these pests. This study was conducted to evaluate the resistance of 14 soybean genotypes to the whiteflies. A free- choice and no-choice test was conducted in a green house to study the antixenosis and antibiosis. Meanwhile, field evaluation was conducted to determine the tolerance of soybean genotypes to the whiteflies. Determination of the resistance of soybean genotypes to whiteflies based on the intensity of leaf damage that occurs on fifth weeks after infestation. The results showed that in free-choice test, Gema, IAC-100/Kaba-6, Malabar/IAC-100-85, Kaba/IAC-100//Burangrang-60, and Kaba/IAC-100//Burangrang-63 showed antixenosis mechanism which correlates with length and low density of leaf trichomes as well as leaf thickness. In the no-choice test, antibiosis mechanism can be seen from the small number of adults that develop from nymphs. IAC-100/Kaba-8 and IAC-100/Kaba-14 showed a high degree of antibiosis. In addition, the results of field experiment showed that Gema, IAC-100/Kaba-14, and Tanggamus/Pangrango- 78 demonstrated a tolerance to whiteflies. It is shown on a slightly decreasing in yield of these three genotypes (17.33, 19.31, and 19.85%, respectively).

Investigation of secondary metabolites in bean cultivars and their impact on the nutritional performance ofSpodoptera littoralis(Lep.: Noctuidae)

“…Organic foods with reduced pesticide exposure are increasingly demanded by health-conscious consumers throughout the world. To this end, resistant plant cultivars can be used to control herbivorous pests through antibiosis and resistance development due to toxins, antifeedants, and secondary metabolite compounds (Smith, 2005; Hesler and Dashiell, 2011; Sulistyo and Inayati, 2016). Our findings demonstrated that the tested bean cultivars accumulated different levels of secondary metabolites, which affected the nutritional indices of Egyptian cotton leafworm, suggesting the potential of host quality to affect the nutritional fitness of herbivorous insects.…”

Relationship between viruliferous Bemisia tabaci population and disease incidence of Pepper yellow leaf curl Indonesia virus in chili pepper

“…Bemisia tabaci host species come from the families Asteraceae, Malvaceae, Solanaceae, Cruciferaceae, Lamiaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Cucurbitaceae, Fabaceae, Bignoniaceae, Lythraceae and Zygophyllaceae (Mascarin et al 2013;Sulistyo and Inayati 2016;Lima et al 2017;Macfadyen et al 2018;Costa et al 2019;Li et al 2021). The host species are mostly associated with the Fabaceae family, while Bignoniaceae, Lythraceae and Zygophyllaceae only have one species each (Song et al 2014;Li et al 2021).…”

Screening of Soybean Germplasm against Spodoptera litura (Fab.) for the Expression of Antixenosis Resistance Through Seasonal Incidence and Dual-feeding Assay

“…The results were in partial agreement with Gaur et al (2018) where several germplasms were screened for antixenosis and results shows that the preference and non preference soybean germplasms was based on the antixenosis mechanism of resistance. Sulistyo and Inayati (2016) performed an experiment on soybean germplasm to establish the antixenotic resistance through free-choice and no-choice assay. Similarly, Boica Junior et al (2015) reported that the largest consumption of the leaf (high MLAC) shows that the genotype is susceptible to the pest while resistance in plant creates difference in consumption by pest.…”