Mechanisms of Actions of Antidepressants

Frazer, Alan; Murphy, Audie L.

doi:10.1097/00019442-199911001-00027

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…61 Side effects of the TCAs are related to their blocking muscarinic cholinergic receptors (dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, and urinary retention), H 1 histamine receptors (sedation, drowsiness, weight gain), and alpha 1 adrenergic receptors (orthostatic hypotension). 62 Although nortriptyline can exhibit any of the side effects described, it is among the least sedative of the TCAs and is thought to be least frequently associated with postural hypotension. 62 Because TCAs can cause cardiac conduction delays that can result in arrhythmias in susceptible individuals or in overdose situations, nortriptyline should be avoided in patients at risk.…”

Section: Nortriptylinementioning

confidence: 99%

“…62 Although nortriptyline can exhibit any of the side effects described, it is among the least sedative of the TCAs and is thought to be least frequently associated with postural hypotension. 62 Because TCAs can cause cardiac conduction delays that can result in arrhythmias in susceptible individuals or in overdose situations, nortriptyline should be avoided in patients at risk. 61 The availability of nortriptyline in lower cost generic formulations may be an important factor for some patients.…”

Section: Nortriptylinementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Managing Nicotine Addiction

Kotlyar

Hatsukami

2002

Journal of Dental Education

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nicotine addiction has been identified as the primary contributor to continued widespread tobacco use worldwide. Although the health benefits of smoking cessation are well publicized, few smokers successfully quit on a long-term basis. A number of pharmacological agents have been shown to approximately double long-term smoking cessation rates and have, therefore, been recommended as first-line therapy for the treatment of nicotine dependence in the clinical practice guidelines recently released by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). These include the currently available dosage forms of nicotine replacement therapy (gum, patch, nasal spray, and inhaler) and bupropion. Other agents that have exhibited some efficacy in increasing smoking cessation rates are nortriptyline and clonidine. All pharmacological treatments are most effective in conjunction with behavioral therapy. Other approaches to treating tobacco use disorder now being investigated include additional ways to administer nicotine, a vaccine to prevent nicotine from crossing the blood-brain barrier, and agents that alter the metabolism of nicotine. This review summarizes the characteristics of nicotine addiction, reviews the pharmacological agents currently used to treat tobacco use disorder, and describes possible approaches to treat nicotine dependence in the future.

show abstract

Section: Nortriptylinementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nortriptylinementioning

confidence: 99%

Managing Nicotine Addiction

Kotlyar

Hatsukami

2002

Journal of Dental Education

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There are various mental illnesses such as (leonard, 2000) (Frazer andMurphy, 1999)depression, (Schou, 1979;Belmaker, 2004) bipolar disorder and social anxiety disorder (Kaye et al, 2004) (Menninger et al, 1959) (Kendall and hedtke, 2006). Anyone can suffer from mental or emotional health problems, social anxiety disorder being one of the many.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Awareness on Social Anxiety Disorder Among College Students - A Survey

Keziah¹

2020

Biosci. Biotech. Res. Comm

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mental illness is an often ignored risk factor in many of the daily life situations. There are many types of mental illness such as depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, OCD etc. Among these a type of anxiety known as social anxiety is common especially among young adults. Most of it goes undiagnosed and eventually leads to severe complications in the future such as destructive thoughts and self harm and potentially leading to death. It is a questionnaire based online survey. There were 100 participants in which all of them were college going students .12 questions were asked based on social anxiety disorder .The results were obtained and statistically analysed through SPSS software, chi square test was done to check the association and a p value of 0.05 was said to be statistically significant. This survey has helped 58 % of the students to realize that they might be suffering from social anxiety. From the survey, it was evident that there were many students who were experiencing mild to moderate symptoms but they were unaware of the disorder.Thus, the survey has created an awareness on social anxiety syndrome among college students. There are over 1 million people suffering from social anxiety every year and there should be still many more that are left undiagnosed. Many might be experiencing symptoms like panic attacks even in simple situations so it is important to create awareness about social anxiety disorder in order to help these people to improve their mental health and lead a better life.

show abstract

“…The associations between serotonergic function and depression have been well documented [4][5][6]. It is commonly held that patients with major depression experience changes in the serotonergic neuronal transmission function in the brain [1][2][3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

5-Chloro-2-(2′-((dimethylamino)methyl)-4′-iodophenylthio)benzenamine: a new serotonin transporter ligand

Oya

Choi

Kung

et al. 2007

Nuclear Medicine and Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two novel ligands with a 4′-substitution on the phenyl ring B of biphenylthiol: 5-chloro-2-(2′-((dimethylamino)methyl)-4′-iodophenylthio)benzenamine, 7, and 2-(2′-((dimethylamino) methyl)-4′-methoxyphenylthio)-5-iodobenzenamine, 8, were prepared and tested as potential serotonin transporter (SERT) imaging agents. The new ligands displayed extremely high binding affinities to SERT (K i = 0.22 ± 0.09 and 0.11 ± 0.04 nM, respectively), with very low binding affinities to dopamine and norepinephrine transporters (K i > 1, 000 nM). The corresponding [ 125 I]7 and [ 125 I] 8 were successfully prepared from the tri-n-butyltin derivatives. They showed good brain uptakes and prolonged retention after iv injection in rats (brain uptake was 1.77 and 0.98 %dose/g for [ 125 I] 7 and 0.92 and 0.29 %dose/g for [ 125 I]8 at 2 and 120 minutes, respectively). Significantly, [ 125 I]7 showed excellent uptake and prolonged retention in the hypothalamus, where the SERT concentration is the highest. The hypothalamus/cerebellum ratios (target to background ratios) were 4.24, 7.10, 8.24 and 12.6 at 2, 4, 6 and 12 hours, respectively. The hypothalamus/cerebellum ratios for [ 125 I]8 were 3.97, 5.57 and 5.06 at 1, 2 and 4 hours, respectively. Adding the 4′-iodo-group to the phenyl ring B of 7 appeared to reduce the rate of clearance from the brain, and the kinetics favored uptake and retention in the hypothalamus. The localization of [ 125 I]7 in the hypothalamus region in the brain of rats could be blocked by pretreatment with (+)McN5652, escitalopram and ADAM (2), all selective serotonin transporter ligands (at 2 mg/Kg dose, iv, 5 min pretreatment). Ex vivo autoradiograms of rat brain sections (at 4 hr after iv injection of [ 125 I]7) showed intense labeling in regions of the brain known to have high SERT density. The excellent selective uptake and retention in the hypothalamus region suggests that [ 123 I]7 is a potential lead compound for developing new imaging agents targeting SERT binding sites with single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).

show abstract

Mechanisms of Actions of Antidepressants

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Managing Nicotine Addiction

Managing Nicotine Addiction

Awareness on Social Anxiety Disorder Among College Students - A Survey

5-Chloro-2-(2′-((dimethylamino)methyl)-4′-iodophenylthio)benzenamine: a new serotonin transporter ligand

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About