Mechanisms for community prevention of violence against women in low- and middle-income countries: A realist approach to a comparative analysis of qualitative data

Lowe, Hattie; Brown, Laura J; Ahmad, Ayesha; Daruwalla, Nayreen; Gram, Lu; Osrin, David; Panchal, Krishna; Watson, Daniella; Zimmerman, Cathy; Mannell, Jeneviève

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115064

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…39 We integrated complementary explanations into a social ecological framework 27 with factors at intrapersonal, immediate social network, and wider societal levels. Expanding scarce evidence on mechanisms of community action, 23 our analytical framework provides structured guidance on key factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While participants in community mobilisation programmes are frequently labelled ‘change makers’ or ‘natural leaders’, this has often implied little more than extra training, confidence in public speaking and enthusiasm for activism. 43 44 We contribute to evidence on more formal leaders such as faith leaders, committee members or village elders 23 45 by showing that informal community members can become significant leaders—with attendant status and privileges—in their own right through repeated engagement with VAW prevention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 22 Communities often work together to address VAW as a shared goal rather than as a collection of individuals with independent motivations. 23 Individuals taking action against VAW can be seen as explicitly or implicitly taking part in collective action.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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‘Our courage has grown’: a grounded theory study of enablers and barriers to community action to address violence against women in urban India

et al. 2023

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Transforming communities into supportive environments for women facing risks of violence requires community members to play an active role in addressing violence against women (VAW). We did a grounded theory study of enablers and barriers to community response to ongoing violence, sampling from programme areas of a non-governmental organisation (NGO)-led community mobilisation intervention in informal settlements in Mumbai, India. We held 27 focus group discussions and 31 semistructured interviews with 113 community members and 9 NGO staff, along with over 170 hours of field observation. We found that residents responded to violence in diverse ways, ranging from suicide prevention to couple mediation to police and NGO referral. Enabling and constraining factors fit into a social ecological model containing intrapersonal, immediate social network, and wider societal levels. We identified four themes interlinking factors: legitimacy of action, collective power, protection against risk and informal leadership. Legitimacy of action was negotiated in the context of individual disputes, making community members question not only whether VAW was ‘wrong’, butwhowas ‘wrong’ in specific disputes. Collective power through neighbourhood solidarity was key to action but could be curtailed by violent gang crime. Interveners in incidents of VAW turned out to need significant physical, social and legal protection against reprisal. However, repeat interveners could become informal leaders wielding influential prosocial reputations that incentivised and facilitated action. Our model integrates multiple perspectives on community action into one analytical framework, which can be used by implementers to ensure that community members receive encouragement, support and protection to act.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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‘Our courage has grown’: a grounded theory study of enablers and barriers to community action to address violence against women in urban India

et al. 2023

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“…Although both Ecuador and Argentina have recently implemented laws to punish GBV [ 34 , 38 , 47 ], they still need to develop public policies to prevent it. In consequence, it is key that the scientific community gets involved in research that contributes to the prevention of this social issue [ 48 ].…”

Section: Gender-based Violence In Ecuador and Argentinamentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender-based violence in Latin America (Ecuador and Argentina): current state and challenges in the development of psychoeducational materials

2022

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Gender-based violence (GBV) is a complex social and public health problem, which represents a human rights violation. Globally, GBV tends to occur in intimate partner relationships. Latin American countries report high rates of this violence. Despite their social and historical differences, Ecuador and Argentina are among Latin countries that aim to dismantle patriarchy. Developing psychoeducation materials is one way in which communities can recognize and prevent GBV. Psycholinguistics can provide useful tools to facilitate learning about this social issue: prior studies suggest that promoting the establishment of discourse connections, the generation of emotion inferences and the emotional involvement of the comprehender facilitate written and spoken discourse comprehension. The aim of this commentary article is to present an overview of the current incidence of GBV in Ecuador and Argentina, and to highlight the contributions that preliminary research on discourse comprehension can make to facilitate learning about GBV prevention strategies. Finally, we will discuss possible research guidelines and future directions. We expect that this manuscript will contribute to highlighting the importance of promoting social awareness of GBV and, therefore, the crucial role of the design and implementation of scientifically based interventions.

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“…Violence is a political thing between two states that functions as a kind of disciplinary, regulatory, and hierarchical form of militarized law enforcement agents and maldistributions of economic resources to achieve political pro t [14][15][16]. e current political administrative systems facilitate state violence encoded in laws, policies, and schemes that arrange and de ne people by categories of indigeneity, race, gender, ability, and national origin, which leads to community mobilization from a di erent perspective [17][18][19]. e mathematical modeling tactics using the deterministic techniques have been systematic e orts to discover real-world situations using mathematical models for the analysis of the dynamics of communicable diseases and can be used for analyzing a number of real-world physical dynamical situations [20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Model Analysis on the Diffusion of Violence

Terefe

2022

International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences

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Recently, violence has been a very common and serious public health problem in the world. In this new mathematical modeling tactic study, we formulated and examined the firsthand violence mathematical model with five distinct classes of the human population (susceptible, violence-exposed, violence, negotiated, and reconciled). The model takes into account the diffusion of violence and infection. The violence-free and violence-dominance model equilibrium points are calculated, and their local and global stabilities are analyzed. The model threshold values are obtained. As a result of the model analysis, the violence diffusion is under control if the basic reproduction number is less than unity, and it diffuses through the community if this number exceeds unity. Besides, the sensitivity analysis of the parameter values of the basic reproduction number is demonstrated. We have applied the MATLAB ode45 solver to illustrate the numerical results of the model. Finally, from analytical and numerical solutions, we obtain jointly equivalent and consistent results.

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Mechanisms for community prevention of violence against women in low- and middle-income countries: A realist approach to a comparative analysis of qualitative data

Cited by 11 publications

References 52 publications

‘Our courage has grown’: a grounded theory study of enablers and barriers to community action to address violence against women in urban India

‘Our courage has grown’: a grounded theory study of enablers and barriers to community action to address violence against women in urban India

Gender-based violence in Latin America (Ecuador and Argentina): current state and challenges in the development of psychoeducational materials

Mathematical Model Analysis on the Diffusion of Violence

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