Mechanisms and processes of stratal disruption and mixing in the development of mélanges and broken formations: Redefining and classifying mélanges

Festa, Andrea; Dilek, Yıldırım; Pini, Gian Andrea; Codegone, Giulia; Ogata, Kei

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2012.05.021

Cited by 156 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 161 publications

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“…Comparable olistostromes (or sedimentary mélanges sensu Festa et al 2012) with block-in-matrix fabric have been described in different sectors in the Northern Apennines, from Monferrato to the Voghera sector. They represent excellent examples of ancient submarine MTDs and MTCs resulting from cohesive debris flow accumulations that record an important period of instability, morphological reshaping and structural reconstruction through out-of-sequence thrusting of the frontal part of the Ligurian accretionary complex as part of the outer Apenninic prowedge during late Oligocene -early Miocene post-collisional stages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Oligocene–early Miocene olistostromes (sedimentary mélanges) as tectono-stratigraphic constraints to the geodynamic evolution of the exhumed Ligurian accretionary complex (Northern Apennines, NW Italy)

Festa

Ogata

Pini

et al. 2014

International Geology Review

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This is an author version of the contribution published on:Questa è la versione dell'autore dell'opera: Review, v. 57, no. 5-8, 540-562. Doi: 10.1080/00206814.2014. Festa et al. (2015) -International GeologyThe definitive version is available at:La versione definitiva è disponibile alla URL:http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tigr20 AbstractIn the Northern Apennines of Italy, mud-rich olistostromes (sedimentary mélanges) occur at different stratigraphic levels within late Oligocene -early Miocene sedimentary record of episutural/wedge-top basins. They are widely distributed along the exhumed outer part of the Ligurian accretionary complex, atop of the outer Apenninic prowedge, over an area of about 300 km long and 10-15 km wide. Olistostromes represent excellent examples of ancient submarine mass-transport complexes (MTCs), consisting of stacked cohesive debris flows that can be directly compared with some of those observed in modern accretionary wedges. We describe the internal arrangement of olistostrome occurrences in the sector between Voghera and the Monferrato, analyzing their relationships with mesoscale liquefaction features, which are commonly difficult to observe in modern MTCs. Slope failures occurred in isolated sectors along the wedge front, where out-of-sequence thrusting, seismicity and different pulses of overpressured tectonically-induced fluid flows acted concomitantly. Referring to the Northern Apennines regional geology, we also point out a gradual lateral rejuvenation (from late Oligocene to early Miocene) toward the SE and an increasing in size and thickness of the olistostromes along the strike of the frontal Apenninic prowedge. This suggests that morphological reshaping of the outer prowedge via mass transport processes balanced with different pulses in a short time span the SE-ward migration and segmentation of the accretionary processes. The latter have been probably favored by the occurrence in the northwestern part of the Northern Apennines of major, inherited paleogeographic features controlling the northward propagation of the prowedge. The detailed knowledge of olistostromes, as ancient examples of MTCs related to syn-sedimentary tectonics and shale diapirism, and of their lateral variations in term of age and size, provides useful information for better understanding both the tectono-stratigraphic evolution of the Apenninic prowedge and the submarine slope failures in modern accretionary wedges.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Oligocene–early Miocene olistostromes (sedimentary mélanges) as tectono-stratigraphic constraints to the geodynamic evolution of the exhumed Ligurian accretionary complex (Northern Apennines, NW Italy)

Festa

Ogata

Pini

et al. 2014

International Geology Review

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“…1). The application of criteria adopted to identify mélange rock units (e.g., by Raymond, 1984;Cowan, 1985;Orange, 1990;Bettelli and Panini, 1989;Pini, 1999;Festa et al, 2010Festa et al, , 2012Wakabayashi, 2015) allowed us to determine that the chaotic rock unit resulted from synextensional intraoceanic mass transport processes, the evidence of which is exceptionally well preserved in the deeply subducted ZSO. Stratigraphic and structural analyses further allow us to highlight that the chaotic rock unit is sealed by postextensional metasediments, and that, despite the polyphase Alpine deformation and metamorphism, a paleounconformity is, uncommonly, still recognizable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Record of Jurassic mass transport processes through the orogenic cycle: Understanding chaotic rock units in the high-pressure Zermatt-Saas ophiolite (Western Alps)

et al. 2017

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The eclogite facies Zermatt-Saas ophiolite in the Western Alps includes a composite chaotic unit exposed in the Lake Miserin area, in the southern Aosta Valley region. The chaotic unit is characterized by a block-in-matrix texture consisting of ultramafic clasts and blocks embedded within a carbonate matrix. This unit overlies massive serpentinite and ophicarbonate rocks and is unconformably overlain by layered calcschist. Despite the effects of subduction and collision-related deformation and metamorphism, the internal stratigraphy and architecture of the chaotic unit are recognizable and are attributed to different types of mass transport processes in the Jurassic Ligurian-Piedmont Ocean. This finding represents an exceptional record of the preorogenic history of the Alpine ophiolites, marked by different pulses of extensional tectonics responsible for the rough seafloor topography characterized by structural highs exposed to submarine erosion. The Jurassic tectonostratigraphic setting envisioned is comparable to that observed in present-day magma-poor slow-and ultraslow-spreading ridges, characterized by mantle exposure along fault scarps that trigger mass transport deposits and turbiditic sedimentation. Our preorogenic reconstruction is significant in an eclogitized collisional orogenic belt in which chaotic rock units may be confused with the exclusive product of subduction-related tectonics, thus obscuring the record of an important preorogenic history. LITHOSPHERE

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“…Therefore the Ankara Mélange includes eight different units represented by three chaotic complexes (Karakaya, Hisarlıkaya and Hisarköy formations) according to the mélange definition of Festa et al (2010Festa et al ( , 2012, three ophiolites (Eldivan, Ahlat and Edige Ophiolites) and two post-ophiolitic sedimentary units (Mart and Kavak formations).…”

Section: Geological Characteristics Of the Ankara Mélangementioning

confidence: 99%

The Ankara Mélange: an indicator of Tethyan evolution of Anatolia

Çakir¹,

Üner²

2016

Geologica Carpathica

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Mechanisms and processes of stratal disruption and mixing in the development of mélanges and broken formations: Redefining and classifying mélanges

Cited by 156 publications

References 161 publications

Late Oligocene–early Miocene olistostromes (sedimentary mélanges) as tectono-stratigraphic constraints to the geodynamic evolution of the exhumed Ligurian accretionary complex (Northern Apennines, NW Italy)

Late Oligocene–early Miocene olistostromes (sedimentary mélanges) as tectono-stratigraphic constraints to the geodynamic evolution of the exhumed Ligurian accretionary complex (Northern Apennines, NW Italy)

Record of Jurassic mass transport processes through the orogenic cycle: Understanding chaotic rock units in the high-pressure Zermatt-Saas ophiolite (Western Alps)

The Ankara Mélange: an indicator of Tethyan evolution of Anatolia

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