Mechanisms and application of microalgae on removing emerging contaminants from wastewater: A review

Zhou, Jin-Long; Yang, Lei; Huang, Kai-Xuan; Chen, Dongzhi; Gao, Feng

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128049

Cited by 46 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…Previous studies have confirmed a significant correlation between the biological activity of microalgae and their ability to degrade antibiotics . Typically, an increase in temperature stimulates the reaction rate of microalgal secretion, improving the adsorption efficiency and accumulation of antibiotics . Temperature also affects microalgal gene expression; Rosic et al found a significant up-regulation of genes encoding CYP450 in microalgae grown at temperatures of 26–29 °C, but down-regulation was seen when cultures were grown at 32 °C .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…31 Typically, an increase in temperature stimulates the reaction rate of microalgal secretion, improving the adsorption efficiency and accumulation of antibiotics. 48 Temperature also affects microalgal gene expression; Rosic et al found a significant up-regulation of genes encoding CYP450 in microalgae grown at temperatures of 26−29 °C, but downregulation was seen when cultures were grown at 32 °C. 49 Enzyme-catalyzed reactions are temperature-dependent; high temperatures can alter the properties of enzymes or denature them, reducing the reaction rate.…”

Section: Substituent Effects On the Reactivity Of Sasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodegradation of Sulfonamide Antibiotics by Microalgae: Mechanistic Insights into Substituent-Induced Effects

Chu,

Wang,

et al. 2024

ACS EST Water

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Microalgae are a sustainable environmentally friendly wastewater treatment technology that has attracted much attention for use in the purification of antibiotic-containing wastewater. However, research into the mechanisms involved in microalgal antibiotic degradation is still in the initial stages, especially concerning the relationship between pollutant structure and removal rate. This study comprehensively analyzed the antibiotic biodegradation mechanisms in microalgae from a molecular structure perspective, examining four sulfonamide antibiotics (SAs) with different substituents as representative pollutants. Microalgae exhibited removal efficiencies of 86.15, 74.24, 60.14, and 46.60% for sulfathiazole, sulfamethazine, sulfadiazine, and sulfamethoxazole, respectively. It is noteworthy that cytochrome p450 (CYP450) played a central catalyzing role in their metabolism. Further analysis of molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculations revealed that the geometric differences and electronic effect variations caused by the substituents significantly affected the catalytic activity of CYP450 as well as the overall reactivity of the SAs, resulting in different removal rates. Overall, SAs with high binding energy, low energy gap, and high electrophilicity indices were more readily catalyzed by CYP450 as evidenced by the degradation pathways. These results provide valuable insights at the molecular level into how different substituents affect the degradation rate of SAs in microalgae.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Substituent Effects On the Reactivity Of Sasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biodegradation of Sulfonamide Antibiotics by Microalgae: Mechanistic Insights into Substituent-Induced Effects

Chu,

Wang,

et al. 2024

ACS EST Water

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“…Furthermore, in controlled environments like photobioreactors, there have been recent examples of symbiotic relationships forming between bacteria and unicellular algae. These bacteria possess the ability of controlling the fate of aromatic anthropogenic pollutants [ 79 , 80 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macroalgal microbiomes unveil a valuable genetic resource for halogen metabolism

Lavecchia,

Fosso,

Engelen

et al. 2024

Microbiome

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Background Macroalgae, especially reds (Rhodophyta Division) and browns (Phaeophyta Division), are known for producing various halogenated compounds. Yet, the reasons underlying their production and the fate of these metabolites remain largely unknown. Some theories suggest their potential antimicrobial activity and involvement in interactions between macroalgae and prokaryotes. However, detailed investigations are currently missing on how the genetic information of prokaryotic communities associated with macroalgae may influence the fate of organohalogenated molecules. Results To address this challenge, we created a specialized dataset containing 161 enzymes, each with a complete enzyme commission number, known to be involved in halogen metabolism. This dataset served as a reference to annotate the corresponding genes encoded in both the metagenomic contigs and 98 metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) obtained from the microbiome of 2 red (Sphaerococcus coronopifolius and Asparagopsis taxiformis) and 1 brown (Halopteris scoparia) macroalgae. We detected many dehalogenation-related genes, particularly those with hydrolytic functions, suggesting their potential involvement in the degradation of a wide spectrum of halocarbons and haloaromatic molecules, including anthropogenic compounds. We uncovered an array of degradative gene functions within MAGs, spanning various bacterial orders such as Rhodobacterales, Rhizobiales, Caulobacterales, Geminicoccales, Sphingomonadales, Granulosicoccales, Microtrichales, and Pseudomonadales. Less abundant than degradative functions, we also uncovered genes associated with the biosynthesis of halogenated antimicrobial compounds and metabolites. Conclusion The functional data provided here contribute to understanding the still largely unexplored role of unknown prokaryotes. These findings support the hypothesis that macroalgae function as holobionts, where the metabolism of halogenated compounds might play a role in symbiogenesis and act as a possible defense mechanism against environmental chemical stressors. Furthermore, bacterial groups, previously never connected with organohalogen metabolism, e.g., Caulobacterales, Geminicoccales, Granulosicoccales, and Microtrichales, functionally characterized through MAGs reconstruction, revealed a biotechnologically relevant gene content, useful in synthetic biology, and bioprospecting applications.

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“…Many of them, such as Chlorella sp., Botryococcus sp., Chlamydomonas sp., and Phormidium sp. are unable to consume sucrose [17]. Waste molasses contains a significant amount of sucrose which is the main challenge in its direct utilization as a substrate for microalgae cultivation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microalga Coelastrella sp. Cultivation on Unhydrolyzed Molasses-Based Medium towards the Optimization of Conditions for Growth and Biomass Production under Mixotrophic Cultivation

2023

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Improving biomass production with the utilization of low-cost substrate is a crucial approach to overcome the hindrance of high cost in developing large-scale microalgae production. The microalga Coelastrella sp. KKU-P1 was mixotrophically cultivated using unhydrolyzed molasses as a carbon source, with the key environmental conditions being varied in order to maximize biomass production. The batch cultivation in flasks achieved the highest biomass production of 3.81 g/L, under an initial pH 5.0, a substrate to inoculum ratio of 100:3, an initial total sugar concentration of 10 g/L, and a sodium nitrate concentration of 1.5 g/L with continuous light illumination at 23.7 W/m2. The photobioreactor cultivation results indicated that CO2 supplementation did not improve biomass production. An ambient concentration of CO2 was sufficient to promote the mixotrophic growth of the microalga as indicated by the highest biomass production of 4.28 g/L with 33.91% protein, 46.71% carbohydrate, and 15.10% lipid. The results of the biochemical composition analysis suggest that the microalgal biomass obtained is promising as a source of essential amino acids and pigments as well as saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids. This research highlights the potential for bioresource production via microalgal mixotrophic cultivation using untreated molasses as a low-cost raw material.

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Mechanisms and application of microalgae on removing emerging contaminants from wastewater: A review

Cited by 46 publications

References 140 publications

Biodegradation of Sulfonamide Antibiotics by Microalgae: Mechanistic Insights into Substituent-Induced Effects

Biodegradation of Sulfonamide Antibiotics by Microalgae: Mechanistic Insights into Substituent-Induced Effects

Macroalgal microbiomes unveil a valuable genetic resource for halogen metabolism

Microalga Coelastrella sp. Cultivation on Unhydrolyzed Molasses-Based Medium towards the Optimization of Conditions for Growth and Biomass Production under Mixotrophic Cultivation

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