Mechanism of Xylem Differentiation in<i>Pinus silvestris</i>L.

Wodzicki, Tomasz J.

doi:10.1093/jxb/22.3.670

Cited by 135 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…With this approach it was possible to monitor wood formation at a particular spot on a tree over two years. Other methods using periodic wounding or repeated cambium sampling have faced the problem of wound effects, which were avoided by moving the locations for sampling either downwards [1] or around the circumference [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution analysis of radial growth and wood density in Eucalyptus nitens, grown under different irrigation regimes

2002

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-Wood density is the most important determinant of wood quality and a critical factor in short rotation forestry. Daily radial growth of six-year-old Eucalyptus nitens trees were monitored on a two hectare plantation in south-eastern Tasmania using point dendrometers, under different irrigation regimes. At the end of the second growing season 12-mm cores were extracted from the trees and processed for high-resolution wood density using SilviScan-2. The dendrometer measurements were utilized to rescale wood density on a time axis. In general, lower density was formed early in the growing season, and higher wood density later. The irrigated-droughted trees showed an obvious relationship between wood density and soil water deficits with the density decreasing in response to water stress releases. The density decrease was accompanied by acceleration in daily increment. With the presented approach the annual level is no longer the basis of analysis. This opens new opportunities for genotype × environmental interaction studies of trees, which is of particular importance in clonal forestry.wood density / dendrometer / wood quality / irrigation / cambium Résumé -Analyse haute résolution de la croissance radiale et de la densité du bois d'Eucalyptus nitens, croissant sous divers régimes d'irrigation. La densité du bois est le plus important déterminant de la qualité du bois et un facteur critique pour la sylviculture en courte rotation. La croissance radiale journalière d'Eucalyptus nitens, âgé de 6 ans, a été suivie dans une plantation de 2 hectares dans le Sud-Est de la Tasmanie en utilisant des dendromètres à point, sous différents régimes d'irrigation. À la fin de la seconde saison de végétation, des carottes de 12 mm ont été prélevées sur les arbres et une mesure haute résolution de la densité du bois a été réalisée à l'aide d'un SilviScan-2. Les mesures à l'aide du dendromètre ont été utilisées pour recaler la densité du bois sur un axe de temps. En général, le bois ayant la densité la plus faible a été formé tôt dans la saison de végétation, et le bois de haute densité plus tardivement. Les arbres irrigués ou soumis à la sécheresse montraient une relation évidente entre la densité du bois et le déficit hydrique du sol avec une densité diminuant en réponse à une réduction du stress hydrique. La diminution de densité a été accompagnée par une accélération de l'accroissement journalier. Selon l'approche présentée, le niveau annuel ne sera plus la base de l'analyse. Ceci ouvre de nouvelles opportunités pour des études de l'interaction génotype × environnement sur des arbres, ce qui est d'une importance primordiale en foresterie clonale. densité du bois / dendromètre / qualité du bois / irrigation / cambium

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-resolution analysis of radial growth and wood density in Eucalyptus nitens, grown under different irrigation regimes

2002

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“…The external factors are considered to affect the onset, the end and the rate of the phases of cambial cell derivatives' differentiation and thus determine the morphology of woody cells. Wodzicki (1971) grouped the environmental factors into (1) basic conditions for formation of wood, such as temperature, moisture, nutrients in the soil, gravity and photoperiod and (2) occasional factors such as wind, fire, frost, floods, defoliation, forest management and air pollution. Among these factors, the content of water in the soil is one of the most relevant factors affecting the cambium activity and the formation of new wood cells (Larson 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The anatomical traits of trunk wood and their relevance to oak (Quercus robur L.) vitality

Tulik

2014

Eur J Forest Res

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Oaks' decline in vitality is attributed to a complex process that involves interactions of several factors leading to increased trees' mortality. This study investigates the structure of trunk wood of oaks with reference to its physiological role in hydraulic conductivity. On the basis of the crown condition, the oaks were classified into three health groups: healthy trees, declining trees and dead trees. Anatomical traits of wood, such as annual ring width, vessel density, vessel diameter of earlywood and theoretical hydraulic conductivity, were measured and calculated. The narrowest annual rings formed by the cambium were observed in dead oaks. These trees were also characterized by the smallest diameter of earlywood vessels, not only in the period of occurrence of dieback symptoms, but also during their whole life. It is suggested that the formation of narrow annual rings and earlywood vessels of small diameter increases susceptibility of a tree to decay. A reduced vessel diameter implies changes in hydraulic conductivity of oak trunks and thus impairs the water transport, which affects the health of trees. The process of oak decline is considered to have characteristics of natural selection and leads to the elimination of the weakest trees.

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“…The activity of cambium in pedunculate oak in a floodplain forest takes about 6 months. Problems of cambial activity and wood formation were dealt with by a number of authors (PHILIPSON et al 1971;WODZICKI 1971;KOZLOWSKI 1971;FRITTS 1976FRITTS , 1990. Problems of the formation of wood in ash and spruce were studied by MATOVIČ (1975MATOVIČ ( , 1977MATOVIČ ( , 1990.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cross sections 30-40 µm in thickness were dyed by a combined dye, viz. light green -safranine (NĚMEC 1962;WODZICKI 1971) which colours non-lignified parts of wood green and lignified parts red. In each of the samples (preparations) representing particular trees, five parallel measurements were carried out by an ocular micrometer with 300× magnification.…”

Section: Sampling and Methods Of Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The recorded changes in climate can thus be detected in the tree-ring structures (FRITTS 1976;HUGHES et al 1982;BRUBAKER, COOK 1983;BRIFFA et al 1990). Among the studies that deal with wood formation in relation to the environment there are few which observe differentiated phases of cell growth (WAREING 1958;SKENE 1969;WODZICKI 1971;WAISE, FAHN 1965;VAGANOV et al 1990;FRITTS et al 1991FRITTS et al , 1992ANTONOVA, STASOVA 1996).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Analysis of cambial activity and formation of wood in Quercus robur L. under conditions of a floodplain forest

Horáček¹,

Slezingerova²,

Gandelova³

2003

J. For. Sci.

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ABSTRACT:The analyses of the activity of cambium and the study of the increment of wood during one growing season of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) under conditions of a floodplain forest is provided. The following parameters were studied: the beginning and end of the cambial activity, differentiation of wood fibres (libriform) and vessels and analysis of the total increment of wood during vegetation in dominant (D), co-dominant (CD) and subdominant (SD) trees in relation to ecological factors of the environment. The course of wood formation corresponds to typical growth curves which are modified by factors of the environment (mean daily temperature, precipitation, soil water supply). The rate of growth is limited by factors of the environment and under the lack of some of them it is reduced resulting in the decrease in the total production of cells. Oak is a species sensitively responding to the period of drought which is particularly manifested in wood increment in subdominant trees. Sufficient supplies of water during spring months accelerate the formation of early wood including differentiation of spring vessels as corroborated by the results. The total formation of wood is dependent not only on the characteristics of the respective growing season but particularly on the social position of trees in the stand.

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Mechanism of Xylem Differentiation inPinus silvestrisL.

Cited by 135 publications

References 8 publications

High-resolution analysis of radial growth and wood density in Eucalyptus nitens, grown under different irrigation regimes

High-resolution analysis of radial growth and wood density in Eucalyptus nitens, grown under different irrigation regimes

The anatomical traits of trunk wood and their relevance to oak (Quercus robur L.) vitality

Analysis of cambial activity and formation of wood in Quercus robur L. under conditions of a floodplain forest

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