Mechanism of unstable behavior of parallel fuses as an opening switch

Shimomura, Naoyuki; Nagata, Masayoshi; Grabowski, C.; Akiyama,

doi:10.1109/27.473205

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…It is known that multi-wire arrays are susceptible to instabilities [19]. However, the insulations increased effect on multi-wire arrays, is still not well understood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimentation and simulation of high current density surface coated electro-explosive fuses

Stephens

Neuber

Dickens

et al. 2012

2012 IEEE International Power Modulator and High Voltage Conference (IPMHVC)

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The primary objective of the research discussed in this paper is to develop a compact electro-explosive fuse (EEF) for a flux compression generator (FCG) power conditioning system, capable of rapidly obtaining and maintaining high impedance. It was observed that significant gains in EEF performance are introduced with the application of an insulating coating to the surface of the EEF wire. A 2 kA small scale test bed has been designed to provide a single wire EEF with similar current density (~10 7 A/cm 2 ), voltage gradient (~7 kV/cm), and timescale (~8 ȝs) as to what is seen by and EEF utilized in a HPM generating FCG system. With the small scale test bed EEF performance data was rapidly obtained at a significantly lower cost than equivalent full scale FCG experiments. A one-dimensional finite difference model coupled with the Los Alamos National Laboratory SESAME Equation-of-State database was utilized to simulate the resistive behavior of the single wire EEFs. Further, a large scale test bed, designed to provide a similar current action as to what is provided by a FCG is used to test 18 wire EEF arrays at the 40 kA level.

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“…It is known that multi-wire arrays are susceptible to instabilities [19]. However, the insulations increased effect on multi-wire arrays, is still not well understood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimentation and simulation of high current density surface coated electro-explosive fuses

Stephens

Neuber

Dickens

et al. 2012

2012 IEEE International Power Modulator and High Voltage Conference (IPMHVC)

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“…In addition, the lack of the zero current crossings in DC power causes an arc making the MCBs not an efficient solution for DC fault current interruption. In order to reduce the chance of an arc when the MCB opens, many techniques were reported, such as vacuum arc chamber, magnetic field assistance, and using resonant circuits to artificially create zero crossing currents [18,19]. Although these techniques added some improvement to the operation of the MCB, they added more complexity and high cost to the system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design considerations of series type hybrid circuit breaker (S‐HCB)

Alashi,

Cooper,

Zhou

et al. 2024

IET Power Electronics

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The series‐type direct current (DC) hybrid circuit breaker (S‐HCB) concept was previously reported to offer better performance than solid‐state circuit breakers (SSCB) and hybrid circuit breakers (HCB). S‐HCB offers low conduction power loss like an HCB and ‐scale interruption time, which is even faster than an SSCB. It uses a pulse transformer to isolate the lower‐voltage high‐inductance power electronic circuit from the high‐voltage, low‐inductance main power loop. This paper provides analysis of the impact of the S‐HCB circuit components on the overall system performance and a scalable S‐HCB design guide for different DC system voltage and current ratings. In addition, system energy flow analysis is performed in the time domain to provide an understanding of how energy is delivered, dissipated, and released throughout the entire fault interruption process. The S‐HCB prototype was experimentally tested at 3 kV/30 A and 6 kV/150A with the results showing the interruption of the low fault current of 30 A and the high fault current of 150 A within 8 and maintaining the fault current at a near zero value for 300 to enable an arcless opening of a series mechanical switch. The key design challenges of S‐HCB at high voltage and high current ratings were discussed and possible solutions to mitigate those challenges were introduced.

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“…Therefore, it is necessary to explore the development of unbalanced current distribution in a wire array and its effect on the converging shock waves. Shimomura and his colleagues have established a theoretical framework to determine unstable conditions of current distribution in a copper wire array used as an explosive opening switch [10][11][12]. Unfortunately, their method is only applicable to specific experimental conditions, and the essential causes of unbalanced current distribution have not been investigated in detail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unbalanced distribution of electric current in underwater electrical wire array explosion

Liu¹,

Diao²,

Xu³

et al. 2022

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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The uniformity of electric current distribution in a wire array and its unstable behavior during the process of underwater electrical explosion have been investigated. Two exploding wires in parallel were used in the experiments and the current waveforms flowing through each wire were obtained using two self-integrating coils. Significant differences in the current waveforms of the two wires were observed near the melting point, which was attributed to the non-simultaneity of heating and phase transition. Unbalanced current distribution caused by the deviations of wire dimensions was analyzed based on a magneto-hydrodynamic model, and the simulation results show that thermodynamic state difference between two wires is present throughout the entire electrical explosion process. It is also found that the initial stored energy of pulse generator will affect the thermodynamic state evolution of exploding wires, resulting in different behaviors of current distribution after the explosion time. The slightly different heating rate caused by unbalanced current distribution in a wire array can break the symmetry of converging shock waves and lower the pressure peak in the vicinity of implosion axis, which was discussed based on the two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations.

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Mechanism of unstable behavior of parallel fuses as an opening switch

Cited by 18 publications

References 6 publications

Experimentation and simulation of high current density surface coated electro-explosive fuses

Experimentation and simulation of high current density surface coated electro-explosive fuses

Design considerations of series type hybrid circuit breaker (S‐HCB)

Unbalanced distribution of electric current in underwater electrical wire array explosion

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