Mechanism of protein biosynthesis.

Lengyel, Péter; Söll, Dieter

doi:10.1128/mmbr.33.2.264-301.1969

Cited by 133 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 239 publications

(369 reference statements)

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“…One methionine tRNA species occupies an honored position among tRNAs due to its unique function during the initiation of protein synthesis. This initiator species, which in prokaryotes is generally formylated in vivo [1,2], interacts with proteins and factors showing no affinity for other tRNAs [3]. One might expect that because of these interactions the selective forces on the molecular evolution of this species are also unique.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The preliminary sequence of tRNA^Met_F from Anacystis nidulans compared with other initiator tRNAs

Ecarot-Charrier

Cedergren

1976

FEBS Letters

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The preliminary sequence of tRNA^Met_F from Anacystis nidulans compared with other initiator tRNAs

Ecarot-Charrier

Cedergren

1976

FEBS Letters

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“…Furthermore, incubation with "elastolytic fractions" prepared from pancreatic extracts presenting a particularly high level of proteolytic activity produces the same cleavage in tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase polypeptide chain Multiple molecular forms for aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases have been reported from several laboratories [l -61. However the data obtained with bacterial systems suggest the existence of a single aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase for each amino acid [1,2,7,8]. Results presented thus far for the existence of isosynthetases could be explained by the existence of distinct synthetases in mitochondria and in the soluble fraction of the cell [9,10], the oligomerisation of a single subunit [ll,12], artifacts of the preparation method, such as limited proteolysis [13,14].…”

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confidence: 99%

Multiple Forms of Tryptophanyl‐tRNA Synthetase from Beef Pancreas

Lemaire

Gros

Epely

et al. 1975

European Journal of Biochemistry

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Three different forms of tryptophanyl‐tRNA synthetase can be isolated from pancreatic extracts. Structural, immunological and catalytic properties of these various forms have been compared. The native enzyme is a dimeric molecule of molecular weight 108000. Two other forms, of molecular weight 85000 and 82000, are composed of two polypeptide chains identical with the carboxyl terminal region of the native subunits. These molecules are supposed to derive from the original protein by removal, from the amino‐terminal part of each subunit, of a fragment of 11000 to 13000 molecular weight. Such removal modifies the shape and the stability of the molecule and decreases its specific activity. The origin of the derived forms is attributed to proteolysis. In fact, limited proteolysis of purified tryptophanyl‐tRNA synthetase, in its native form, by elastase, results in the formation of an active compound, similar to one of the tryptophanyl‐tRNA synthetase derived forms. Furthermore, incubation with “elastolytic fractions” prepared from pancreatic extracts presenting a particularly high level of proteolytic activity produces the same cleavage in tryptophanyl‐tRNA synthetase polypeptide chain.

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“…Most of the gastrointestinal hormones produced by enterocytes and other factors that regulate the digestion and absorption are peptides or proteins (Holmgren and Olsson, 2009; Lowe and Anderson, 2015; Welcome, 2018). Thus, protein and lipid boli upregulated a wide range of pathways related to the activity of ribosomes which, being protein factories (Green and Noller, 1997; Lengyel and Söll, 1969) in enterocytes might be to produce materials for secretion of enzymes, hormones, neurotransmitters and other components that are involved in the processes of digestion and absorption (Hall, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient sensing; transcriptomic response and regulation of gut motility in an agastric vertebrate

Lie

Etayo

et al. 2019

Preprint

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7 93 juveniles as a model. This fish does not have a stomach and the whole intestine was used for the 94 study. Differences in gene expression were compared between intestines administered cellulose 95 versus empty intestines in order to isolate the effect of mechanical sensing; and intestines 96 administered with either protein or lipid versus cellulose to compare effects of chemical sensing on 97 enterocyte metabolism. We also described postprandial motility patterns as responses to the 98 administration of the compounds in the ballan wrasse intestines. 99 2. Materials and Methods 100 2.1. Nutrient bolus 101 Six different diets, including intact lipid (IL), hydrolyzed lipid (HL), intact protein (IP), hydrolyzed 102 protein (HP), cellulose (CL) and plastic beads (PB) were prepared. Intact lipid was made by stirring a 103 mix of 80% (by volume) cod liver oil (Møllers Tran, containing omega-3-fatty acids and Vitamin D), 104 15% phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) pH = 8, and 5% Tween 20 (TWEEN® 20, P9416 Sigma Aldrich) to 105 obtain the same viscosity as the hydrolyzed lipid diet. To make 5 mL hydrolyzed lipid diet, we 106 incubated 4 mL cod liver oil with 3.5 mg lipase (Lipase from Pseudomonas cepacia -62309 Sigma Aldrich, 107 ≥30 U/mg) dissolved in 750 µL PBS (pH = 8) at 40 o C for 5 hours. The pH of the mix was maintained at 108 around 8 by titrating with 5 M NaOH during incubation. The mix was then incubated at 80 o C for 2 109 hours to deactivate the lipase before mixing with 250 µL Tween. 20. Five mL of intact protein diet was 110 prepared by combining 2 g casein with 4 mL 100 mM NH4HCO3 and 1 mL 1 mM HCl. Hydrolyzed 111 protein diet was prepared by incubating 5 mL intact protein diet with 43.7 mg trypsin (Trypsin Powder, 112 Porcine 1:250, 85450C, Sigma Aldrich) at 37 o C for 20 hours, followed by 80 o C for 2 hours for enzyme 113 deactivation. 5 mL of hydrolyzed protein diet was freshly mixed with 100 µL protease inhibitor 114 [Protease/Phosphatase Inhibitor Cocktail (100X) #5872, Cell Signaling Technology, Inc, The 115 Netherlands] before administration of the bolus into the intestine. Cellulose diet was created using 0.5 116 mg cellulose (Cellulose microcrystalline powder, 435236 Sigma Aldrich) in 1.5 mL H2O, adding a tiny 117 amount of Brillant Blue (Brilliant Blue R, B7920 Sigma-Aldrich) as a color maker. These five bolus types 118 were made and stored at -20 o C for use within a week. The diets were thawed and warmed up at 14 o C

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Mechanism of protein biosynthesis.

Cited by 133 publications

References 239 publications

The preliminary sequence of tRNA^Met_F from Anacystis nidulans compared with other initiator tRNAs

The preliminary sequence of tRNA^Met_F from Anacystis nidulans compared with other initiator tRNAs

Multiple Forms of Tryptophanyl‐tRNA Synthetase from Beef Pancreas

Nutrient sensing; transcriptomic response and regulation of gut motility in an agastric vertebrate

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Mechanism of protein biosynthesis.

Cited by 133 publications

References 239 publications

The preliminary sequence of tRNAMetF from Anacystis nidulans compared with other initiator tRNAs

The preliminary sequence of tRNAMetF from Anacystis nidulans compared with other initiator tRNAs

Multiple Forms of Tryptophanyl‐tRNA Synthetase from Beef Pancreas

Nutrient sensing; transcriptomic response and regulation of gut motility in an agastric vertebrate

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Product

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The preliminary sequence of tRNA^Met_F from Anacystis nidulans compared with other initiator tRNAs

The preliminary sequence of tRNA^Met_F from Anacystis nidulans compared with other initiator tRNAs