Mechanism of Propionate Formation by Selenomonas ruminantium, a Rumen Micro-organism

Paynter, M. J. B.; Elsden, S. R.

doi:10.1099/00221287-61-1-1

Cited by 59 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“…Both bacteria form propionate via the succinate pathway (Joyner & Baldwin, 1966;Hobson & Summers, 1967;Paynter & Elsden, 1970). In a recent paper, Hobsoii & Summers (1972) discussed the formation of additional ATP in the conversion of pyruvate to propionate by the selenomonad growing with glucose: one ATP could be formed in the flavoprotein-linked electron transport from NADH to fumarate as suggested previously by Bauchop & Elsden (1960), one ATP could be formed in the conversion of pyruvate to malate by the malic enzyme and a third mole could be formed in the conversion of methylmalonyl CoA to propionate and carbon dioxide.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of ATP during Cytochrome-linked Anaerobic Electron Transport in Propionic Acid Bacteria

Vries

Wyck-Kapteyn

Stouthamer

1973

Journal of General Microbiology

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S U M M A R YEnzyme determinations in bacteria-free extracts and dual-wavelength experiments with membrane suspensions established that Propionibacteriunz freudenreichii converted glycerol into triose phosphate via glycerol kinase and NAD-independent glycerol I -phosphate dehydrogenase which is closely linked to cytochrome b. Glycerol I-phosphate dehydrogenase uses fumarate as a final hydrogen acceptor. The enzyme system catalysing fumarate reduction with glycerol I-phosphate as a hydrogen donor, is membrane bound and is strongly inhibited by 2-n-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline-N-oxide (HOQNO). Fumarate reduction with reduced benzyl-viologen is not inhibited by HOQNO. Cytochrome b is therefore probably involved in the anaerobic electron transport from glycerol I -phosphate to fumarate. Molar growth yields and fermentation balances were determined for P. freudenreichii and P. pentosaceuin growing on glucose, fructose, glycerol and lactate and ATP yields (mol of ATP formed/mol of substrate fermented) were calculated assuming that I mol ATP is formed in the electron transport from glycerol I-phosphate and lactate to fumarate, and that 2 rnol ATP are formed in the electron transport from NADH to fumarate. Mean YaTp values (g dry wt bacteria/mol ATP) were 15-2 and 12-9 for P. freudenreichii, and 16.4 and I 1.8 for P. pentosaceurn each growing on complex or synthetic medium respectively. The observation that for each strain YATP values were constant for the same medium, supported our assumptions on energy generation in propionic acid bacteria.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Generation of ATP during Cytochrome-linked Anaerobic Electron Transport in Propionic Acid Bacteria

Vries

Wyck-Kapteyn

Stouthamer

1973

Journal of General Microbiology

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“…Propionate production from lactate occurs either via the direct reduction pathway or the decarboxylic acid pathway. In the decarboxylic acid pathway, succinate is initially formed (see Figure 1) from heterotrophic fixation of carbon dioxide, which is then decarboxylated to propionate [74].…”

Section: Microbes Used For Propionic Acid Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Production and Separation of Carboxylic Acids for Biorefinery Applications

2017

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Carboxylic acids are traditionally produced from fossil fuels and have significant applications in the chemical, pharmaceutical, food, and fuel industries. Significant progress has been made in replacing such fossil fuel sources used for production of carboxylic acids with sustainable and renewable biomass resources. However, the merits and demerits of each carboxylic acid processing platform are dependent on the application of the final product in the industry. There are a number of studies that indicate that separation processes account for over 30% of the total processing costs in such processes. This review focuses on the sustainable processing of biomass resources to produce carboxylic acids. The primary focus of the review will be on a discussion of and comparison between existing biochemical processes for producing lower-chain fatty acids such as acetic-, propionic-, butyric-, and lactic acids. The significance of these acids stems from the recent progress in catalytic upgrading to produce biofuels apart from the current applications of the carboxylic acids in the food, pharmaceutical, and plastics sectors. A significant part of the review will discuss current state-of-art of techniques for separation and purification of these acids from fermentation broths for further downstream processing to produce high-value products.

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“…The oral species S. sputigena has been shown to grow on lactate and to produce acetate, propionate, and succinate (43). Selenomonas species have been shown to both ferment glucose and utilize lactate in studies of rumen bacteria (18,41), suggesting a potentially complex role for Selenomonas in caries progression.…”

Section: Vol 48 2010 Sequence Analysis Of Severe Caries In Permanenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial 16S Sequence Analysis of Severe Caries in Young Permanent Teeth

et al. 2010

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Previous studies have confirmed the association of the acid producers Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus spp. with childhood caries, but they also suggested these microorganisms are not sufficient to explain all cases of caries. In addition, health-associated bacterial community profiles are not well understood, including the importance of base production and acid catabolism in pH homeostasis. The bacterial community composition in health and in severe caries of the young permanent dentition was compared using Sanger sequencing of the ribosomal 16S rRNA genes. Lactobacillus species were dominant in severe caries, and levels rose significantly as caries progressed from initial to deep lesions. S. mutans was often observed at high levels in the early stages of caries but also in some healthy subjects and was not statistically significantly associated with caries progression in the overall model. Lactobacillus or S. mutans was found either at low levels or not present in several samples. Other potential acid producers observed at high levels in these subjects included strains of Selenomonas, Neisseria, and Streptococcus mitis. Propionibacterium FMA5 was significantly associated with caries progression but was not found at high levels. An overall loss of community diversity occurred as caries progressed, and species that significantly decreased included the Streptococcus mitis-S. pneumoniae-S. infantis group, Corynebacterium matruchotii, Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus cristatus, Capnocytophaga gingivalis, Eubacterium IR009, Campylobacter rectus, and Lachnospiraceae sp. C1. The relationship of acid-base metabolism to 16S rRNA gene-based species assignments appears to be complex, and metagenomic approaches that would allow functional profiling of entire genomes will be helpful in elucidating the microbial pathogenesis of caries.Dental caries is the most common chronic disease of childhood, affecting nearly three-fourths of all children by the age of 17 years (50). The majority of children experience mild caries in the permanent dentition that is easily managed, but nearly 20% of children suffer more aggressive caries (19) that is destructive and often recurrent. The cariogenicity of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus species in tooth-associated biofilms has long been established based on culture studies (51), but this approach has provided a limited ability to study the role of other species present in biofilm communities. Recently DNA-based methods have been used to study early childhood caries (5, 11, 23), caries of the primary and permanent teeth in children and young adults (1), root caries in the elderly (42), and advanced dentin lesions (8,10,36). Taken together these studies have confirmed the association of S. mutans and Lactobacillus species with childhood caries, but they also suggest that these species are not sufficient to explain all cases of caries. In addition, health-associated bacterial community profiles are not well understood, including the importance of species that produce basic co...

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Mechanism of Propionate Formation by Selenomonas ruminantium, a Rumen Micro-organism

Cited by 59 publications

References 14 publications

Generation of ATP during Cytochrome-linked Anaerobic Electron Transport in Propionic Acid Bacteria

Generation of ATP during Cytochrome-linked Anaerobic Electron Transport in Propionic Acid Bacteria

Biochemical Production and Separation of Carboxylic Acids for Biorefinery Applications

Bacterial 16S Sequence Analysis of Severe Caries in Young Permanent Teeth

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