“…A number of studies have been conducted to explore methods for using the slags produced under oxidizing conditions. Examples include: recovery of iron from steelmaking slags, 1) use as raw material for glass and ceramic industries, 2,3) road and hydraulic construction, 4) fertilizers and soil improvement. 5) The slag, as a by-product generated from refining processes conducted under reducing conditions, which is defined as steel refining slag in this work, contains more CaO (45 wt.%-55 wt.%) than normal steelmaking slag (about 40 wt.%CaO and a certain amount FeO), and is hard to reuse in the cement or concrete industries due to its instability derived from α-Ca 2 SiO 4 , free CaO and free MgO.…”