Mechanism of plant immunity triggered by Trichoderma

Esparza‐Reynoso, Saraí; Pelagio‐Flores, Ramón; López‐Bucio, José

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-819453-9.00003-9

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…Trichoderma lowers the pH of the soil by solubilising minerals and releasing organic acids, which inhibits the growth of pathogens and increases the availability of nutrients for plants. Further impeding the growth of pathogens, this acidic environment also initiates the synthesis of antibiotic chemicals [123]. Additionally, plant growth-promoting actions strengthen plant defence systems, whereas Trichoderma's mycoparasitic activity and resource competition weaken pathogens.…”

Section: Modification Of Plant's Environmental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichoderma: A Review of Its Mechanisms of Action in Plant Disease Control

Oyesola,

Tonjock,

Bello

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Trichoderma has been widely studied for its potential as a biocontrol agent against plant pathogenic organisms. Trichoderma's biological control mechanisms include competition, modification of environmental conditions, antibiosis, induction of plant defensive mechanisms, and mycoparasitism. Trichoderma species are known to produce a variety of secondary metabolites that have antifungal activity. These metabolites include peptaibols, gliotoxin, and trichokonins. Trichoderma also produces chitinases and β-1,3-glucanases that can degrade the cell walls of fungal pathogens. In addition to direct antagonism against fungal pathogens, Trichoderma can also induce systemic or localised resistance in plants, which is achieved through the production of elicitors such as chitin oligosaccharides and β-glucans that activate plant defence responses. Trichoderma can also form mutualistic associations with plants. In these associations, Trichoderma colonises the roots of plants and promotes plant growth by increasing nutrient uptake and inducing systemic resistance. Using Trichoderma as a biocontrol agent has several advantages over conventional crop protection techniques based on applying synthetic pesticides.

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Section: Modification Of Plant's Environmental Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trichoderma: A Review of Its Mechanisms of Action in Plant Disease Control

Oyesola,

Tonjock,

Bello

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It was also used as a beneficial microorganism due to its capacity to inhibit many fungal plant pathogens [101]. These rhizosphere microorganisms function by producing large quantities of extracellular enzymes (i.e., 6pentyl-2H-pyran-2-one and auxin indole-3-acetic acid) that lead to the death of negative plant pathogenic fungi and reduce chemical inputs, thus promoting conservation of natural resources [204].…”

Section: Trichoderma Sppmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biostimulants in Viticulture: A Sustainable Approach against Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Cataldo

Fucile

Mattii

2022

Plants

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Climate change and disproportionate anthropogenic interventions, such as the excess of phytopharmaceutical products and continuous soil tillage, are jeopardizing viticulture by subjecting plants to continuous abiotic stress. One of the main physiological repercussions of abiotic stress is represented by the unbalanced redox homeostasis due to the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), ultimately leading to a state of oxidative stress (detrimental to grape quality). To these are added the direct and indirect damages caused by pathogens (biotic stresses). In light of this scenario, it is inevitable that sustainable techniques and sensitivity approaches for environmental and human health have to be applied in viticulture. Sustainable viticulture can only be made with the aid of sustainable products. Biostimulant (PB) applications (including resistance inducers or elicitors) in the vineyard have become interesting maneuvers for counteracting vine diseases and improving grape quality. These also represent a partial alternative to soil fertilization by improving nutrient absorption and avoiding its leaching into the groundwater. Their role as elicitors has important repercussions in the stimulation of the phenylpropanoid pathway by triggering the activation of several enzymes, such as polyphenol oxidase, lipoxygenase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, and peroxidase (with the accumulation of phenolic compounds). The present review paper summarizes the PBs’ implications in viticulture, gathering historical, functional, and applicative information. This work aims to highlight the innumerable beneficial effects on vines brought by these products. It also serves to spur the scientific community to a greater contribution in investigating the response mechanisms of the plant to positive inductions.

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“…Among the beneficial microorganisms, soilborne fungi in the genus Trichoderma stand out because they promote plant growth and benefit plant health via a particularly wide range of mechanisms, including the solubilization of nutrients, the protection from soilborne pathogens via direct antibiosis and mycoparasitism, and an activation of the plant’s innate immune system. All these mechanisms and effects have been reviewed, and reviewed well, by others [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. A biological resistance induction that overcomes growth-resistance trade-offs has obvious potential for applications in biocontrol and therefore, intensive screening efforts are undertaken to find efficient Trichoderma strains for application to diverse agri- and horticultural crops as ‘biostimulants’ sensu du Jardín [ 11 ], ‘biopesticides’, ‘biofungicides’ or ‘growth enhancers’ [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Context-Dependent Effects of Trichoderma Seed Inoculation on Anthracnose Disease and Seed Yield of Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris): Ambient Conditions Override Cultivar-Specific Differences

Gutiérrez-Moreno

Ruocco

Monti

et al. 2021

Plants

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Root colonizing Trichoderma fungi can stimulate plant immunity, but net effects are strain × cultivar-specific and changing ambient conditions further contribute to variable outcomes. Here, we used four Trichoderma spp. to inoculate seeds of four common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) cultivars and explored in three different experimental setups the effects on fungal anthracnose after leaf inoculation with Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. Plants growing in pots with field soil under greenhouse conditions exhibited the highest and those in the open field the lowest overall levels of disease. Among 48 Trichoderma strain × bean cultivar × setup combinations, Trichoderma-inoculation enhanced disease in six and decreased disease in ten cases, but with the exception of T. asperellum B6-inoculated Negro San Luis beans, the strain × cultivar-specific effects on anthracnose severity differed among the setups, and anthracnose severity did not predict seed yield in the open field. In the case of Flor de Mayo beans, Trichoderma even reduced yield in anthracnose-free field plots, although this effect was counterbalanced in anthracnose-infected plots. We consider our work as a case study that calls for stronger emphasis on field experiments in the early phases of screenings of Trichoderma inoculants as plant biostimulants.

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Mechanism of plant immunity triggered by Trichoderma

Cited by 4 publications

References 116 publications

Trichoderma: A Review of Its Mechanisms of Action in Plant Disease Control

Trichoderma: A Review of Its Mechanisms of Action in Plant Disease Control

Biostimulants in Viticulture: A Sustainable Approach against Biotic and Abiotic Stresses

Context-Dependent Effects of Trichoderma Seed Inoculation on Anthracnose Disease and Seed Yield of Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris): Ambient Conditions Override Cultivar-Specific Differences

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