Mechanism of Myocardial Microvessel Formation in Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease

Predictive factors for long-term prognosis in adults with cyanotic congenital heart disease — Japanese multi-center study

“…However, in patients with complex CHD and no PVD, survival rate was significantly lower in patients with SpO 2 b 79% than those with SpO 2 ≧ 79%. Persistent severe hypoxia from birth along with erythrocytosis may have a negative impact on cardiac function [38,39] and myocardial structure [40,41], which may cause systemic complications and further deteriorate cardiac function to death due to cardiac failure and arrhythmias.…”

Serum vascular endothelial growth factor in cyanotic congenital heart disease functionally contributes to endothelial cell kinetics in vitro

“…Indeed, elevated levels of serum VEGF have been documented in patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease [17][18][19][20]. In addition, recent investigators documented elevated expression of myocardial International Journal of Cardiology 120 (2007) 66 -71 www.elsevier.com/locate/ijcard VEGF and the increase in the number of microvessels in the myocardium of cyanotic congenital heart diseases [21,22]. However, it has not been confirmed whether serum VEGF in these patients could actually affect vascular endothelial cells.…”

An autopsy case of an infant with Joubert syndrome who died unexpectedly and a review of the literature

“…In consideration of these observations, cerebellar vermis hypoplasia in the present case may be regarded as a predisposition to fatal aspiration. Although there was no clinical evidence of a respiratory disorder, mild fibrosis of the cardiac papillary muscles and mild hepatic extramedullary haemopoiesis suggested the influence of chronic hypoxia [52]. Slight fibrosis of cardiac muscle Aspiration Calcification in the thymus and kidney…”