Mechanism of Interaction of Backfill Mixtures with Natural Rock Fractures within the Zone of Their Intense Manifestation while Developing Steep Ore Deposits

Abstract

Mining systems for ore deposit extraction with the backfilling of the goaf solve the problem of preserving the surface and the complete extraction of rich ores. This paper considers the filling of mined-out stopes with a viscous fluidal solution for the formation of an artificial strong massif, which results in a conglomerate formed on contact with the ore deposit. It was established that exogenous fracturing at the Pivdenno-Belozirske deposit significantly affects the stability of the sides and ceilings in the chamber. This phenomenon can be observed at the first stage of processing. At chambers (the second stage of processing), the artificial rock mass is exposed. It has been established that the chamber mining systems do not ensure the operational stability of the vertical outcrop in the zones of exogenous intensive fracture of the rock mass, especially in the places where they intersect. The zonal location of intense fracture was established along the strike and dip of the steep ore deposit, as was its importance in the formation of rock fallouts. An analytical solution algorithm has been developed to determine the penetration of the backfilling mixture in the plane of the intersection of zones of intense cracking, with opposite azimuths of incidence at steep angles of macrocracking. The features of penetration into microcracks of the backfilling mixture used at the mine, which are affected by their granulometric and physicochemical compositions, have been determined. The influence of the height of the layer and the procedure of backfilling the chamber space in the liquid phase on the formation of the necessary pressure for the opening of a microcrack was studied. The priority of backfilling the exogenous macrocracks with significant gaps and those between tectonic blocks with mixtures has been analytically substantiated and confirmed by experimental methods of research in the mine.

Hydrogen Storage and Combustion for Blackout Protection of Mine Water Pumping Stations

“…In emergency situations at another pumping station, hydrogen can be transported there to generate electricity and heat [26,35,57]. When the national grid runs out of power and information is obtained that the failure will drag on, the pumping station will go into an emergency operation mode.…”

“…Typically, water mineralization increases with depth. In most cases, water produced from shallower levels requires only a small number of treatment processes [11,26,27]. All pumped water is discharged into local watercourses.…”

Prompt determination of predictive parameters for mining-technogenic landscape objects

“…To reduce the negative impact of the mining industry, various technologies for industrial waste utilization are used around the world. To minimize the earth's surface deformations during underground mining and industrial waste utilization, technologies for backfilling mined-out spaces of mines are widely used [10][11][12]. Another significant area of industrial waste utilization is its processing for reuse of raw materials in various industriesconstruction, chemical, energy and others [13][14][15].…”

Direct Tensile Measurement for Cemented Paste Backfill

“…The tensile strength is a critical design parameter used in sill mats to perform underhand cut-and-fill operations [8,11,12]. Accurate tensile measurement is vital to optimize CPB mixtures and mitigate potential geo-hazards [13][14][15]. The direct tensile measurement of CPB has been a longstanding challenge [16].…”