Mechanism of Improving Aspirin Resistance: Blood-Activating Herbs Combined With Aspirin in Treating Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases

Abstract

Atherosclerotic thrombotic disease continues to maintain a high morbidity and mortality rate worldwide at present. Aspirin, which is reckoned as the cornerstone of primary and secondary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs), has been applied in clinics extensively. However, cardiovascular events continue to occur even though people utilize aspirin appropriately. Therefore, the concept of aspirin resistance (AR) was put forward by scholars, which is of great significance for the prediction of the clinical outcome of diseases. The pathogenesis of AR may be incorporated with low patient compliance, insufficient dose, genetic polymorphism, increased platelet transformation, inflammation, and the degenerative changes and calcification of platelets. The improvement of AR in the treatment of ASCVDs has gradually become a research hot spot in recent years. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) regards individuals as a whole and treats them from a holistic view, which has been found to have advantages in clinical studies on the treatment of AR. Many kinds of blood-activating TCM have the effect of improving AR. The potential mechanism for the improvement of AR by blood-activating herbs combined with aspirin was explored. The combination of blood-activating herbs and aspirin to improve AR is likely to turn into a hot topic of research in the future.

Assessment of the extent, causes and prevalence of aspirin resistance among Saudi and Egyptian patients: A comparative study

“…Aspirin, as a typical antiplatelet therapy for secondary stroke prevention (Wang et al, 2022;Zhao et al, 2021). In our study aspirin un-efficacy were wide-ranging, but all reasons happened with few cases such as frequency of DVT, stroke in coronary artery, brain stroke, TIA and blood clotting event with prolong use of aspirin.…”

Aspirin Resistance in Vascular Disease: A Review Highlighting the Critical Need for Improved Point-of-Care Testing and Personalized Therapy

“…Several Chinese medical herbs have been suggested as alternative treatments for patients with aspirin resistance [ 114 , 115 ]. For example, a study conducted by Liao et al in a zebrafish vascular disease model demonstrated that leonurine, a chemical isolated from Leonurus japonicus, a flowering plant, reduces platelet activity.…”

Hemorrhagic cerebral complications on the background of therapy with clopidogrel in patients with ischemic stroke with CYP2C19*17 polymorphous carriage: a clinical case

“…Основными проблемами антиагрегантной терапии ишемического инсульта (ИИ) являются резистентность, которая на терапии ацетилсалициловой кислотой достигает 24-36 % [1], клопидогрелом -32-45 % [2], и развитие геморрагических осложнений, встречающихся с частотой 1,0-11,6 % [3]. Частота церебральных геморрагических осложнений (образование внутримозговой гематомы, геморрагическая трансформация ишемического очага) составляет 1,2-1,4 % случаев [4], желудочно-кишечных кровотечений -1-3 % [5].…”