Mechanism of High Temperature Oxidation of Austenitic Stainless Steels with High Silicon

Fujikawa, Hisao; Murayama, Jun-Ichiro; Fujino, Nobukatsu; Moroishi, Taishi

doi:10.2355/tetsutohagane1955.67.1_169

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The oxide phases in Figs. 4 and 5 are the same as those found in other high temperature oxidation studies of 304L[9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. However, it is emphasized that the oxide shown here represents early-stage, transient oxidation and is generally thinner than the oxides examined in the traditional oxidation literature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 55%

“…A review of the technical literature [9][10][11][12][13][14] reveals that the chemistry and morphology of oxides are as follows: an outer layer of MnCr 2 O 4 spinel-type oxide, an inner layer of Cr 2 O 3 or a mixture of spinel and Cr 2 O 3 , and a region of SiO 2 at or near the oxide/alloy interface. In many cases, the SiO 2 phase forms along the alloy grain boundaries [9,25].…”

Section: Glass Insertmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although 304L is generally not considered for high-temperature oxidizing applications, the oxidation of 304L and similar alloys has been studied by several researchers [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. Most previous work was performed in high pO 2 environments, such as air, and was concerned with the long-term oxidation resistance of the alloys.…”

Section: Glass Insertmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Pre-Oxidation and Alloy Chemistry of Austenitic Stainless Steels on Glass/Metal Sealing

et al. 2009

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An oxidation treatment is often performed on austenitic stainless steel prior to joining to alkali barium silicate glass to produce hermetic seals. The thin oxide formed during this pre-oxidation step acts as a transitional layer and a source of Cr and other elements that diffuse into the glass during the subsequent bonding process. Pre-oxidation is performed in a low pO 2 atmosphere to avoid iron oxide formation; the final oxide is composed of Cr 2 O 3 , MnCr 2 O 4 spinel, and SiO 2 . Significant heat-to-heat variations in the oxidation behavior of austenitic stainless steel were observed in this work, resulting in inconsistent glass/metal seal behavior. Twenty-five (25) stainless steel heats were examined including 304L, 316L, and experimental high sulfur alloys similar to 303SS. The objectives were to characterize the oxidation kinetics, the oxide morphologies, and compositions that affect glass/ metal adhesion. It was found that poor glass sealing is associated with a more continuous layer of SiO 2 at the metal/oxide interface. The effects of alloy chemistry, in particular Mn and Si concentrations, on glass/metal sealing behavior were empirically determined. A criterion based on the Mn/Si ratio was developed for use in selecting heats with good glass/metal bonding characteristics. To test this criterion, four other austenitic stainless steels were evaluated: 21-6-9 (also known by original Armco Steel Co. trade name Nitronic Ò 40), 22-13-5 (Nitronic Ò 50), Nitronic Ò 60, and Gall-Tough Ò (Carpenter Technology Corp.). These alloys have compositions significantly different from 300-series alloys, but they were still found to comply with the compositional guidelines developed for predicting glass/metal adhesion.

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mentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Glass Insertmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Glass Insertmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effects of Pre-Oxidation and Alloy Chemistry of Austenitic Stainless Steels on Glass/Metal Sealing

et al. 2009

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“…(2) REM suppresses the spalling by trapping Sas a stable sulfide in the matrix. (3) Dispersed Y203 also suppresses the spalling by adsorbing S at the interface between Y203 particle and matrix.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detrimental effect of s segregation to adherence of Al2O3 coating layer on stainless steels and superalloys.

1989

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“…More studies of alumina scale structures and the effect of dopant elements were carried out in the ferritic steels such as FeCrAl alloy [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] than in austenitic alloys such as NiCrAl alloy [12][13][14][15]. The authors made clear the role of S as a tramp element and Y as dopant element in the high-temperature oxidation of austenitic steels before [14,16,17]. Sigler also reported the effect of S and Y contents on the high temperature oxidation of FeCrAl alloys [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

High Temperature Oxidation Behaviour of High Al Content Ferritic and Austenitic Stainless Steels With and Without Rare-Earth Element Addition

Fujikawa

Newcomb

2011

Oxid Met

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The oxidation behaviour of austenitic and ferritic alloys containing 4% Al and rare-earth element addition of (La ? Ce) has been investigated, and comparisons made to an austenitic alloy with no such addition. The alloys were all found to exhibit good oxidation resistance; although, such resistance was highest when the alloy contained rare-earth elements. The addition led to a reduction in the amount of scale spalling. The scales formed after 10 and 100 h at 1,000°C were examined using transmission electron microscopy and found to have bi-layered microstructures. The dislocation density and an amount of distortion in the scale were found to differ, depending on the absence or presence of (La ? Ce) in the metal. It was observed that the outer-to-inner layer thickness ratio changed with time and the rare-earth element addition promoted growth of the inner layer relative to the outer layer. Analysis of the scale compositions demonstrated an apparent synergistic relationship between the effects of the rare-earth element addition and the degree to which iron is incorporated within the scales. The results are discussed in relation to the relative oxidation performance of the austenitic and ferritic alloys.

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Mechanism of High Temperature Oxidation of Austenitic Stainless Steels with High Silicon

Cited by 15 publications

References 3 publications

The Effects of Pre-Oxidation and Alloy Chemistry of Austenitic Stainless Steels on Glass/Metal Sealing

The Effects of Pre-Oxidation and Alloy Chemistry of Austenitic Stainless Steels on Glass/Metal Sealing

Detrimental effect of s segregation to adherence of Al2O3 coating layer on stainless steels and superalloys.

High Temperature Oxidation Behaviour of High Al Content Ferritic and Austenitic Stainless Steels With and Without Rare-Earth Element Addition

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