Mechanism of citrinin-induced dysfunction of mitochondria. V. Effect on the homeostasis of the reactive oxygen species

Abstract

The effects of citrinin in the maintenance of the homeostasis of the reactive oxygen species in rat liver cells were evaluated. Citrinin (CTN) modifies the antioxidant enzymatic defences of cells through the inhibition of GSSG-reductase and transhydrogenase. No effect was observed on GSH-peroxidase, catalase, glucose 6-phosphate and 6 phosphogluconate dehydrogenases, and superoxide dismutase. The mycotoxin increased the generation of reactive oxygen species, stimulating the production of the superoxide anion in the respiratory chain. The results suggest that oxidative stress is an important mechanism, side by side with other effects previously shown, in the establishment of the cytotoxicity and cellular death provoked by CTN in several tissues.

Effect of feeding graded doses of citrinin on apoptosis and oxidative stress in male Wistar rats through the F1 generation

“…Martin et al (1986) reported that oxidative stress played a great role in causing CIT toxicity as CIT induced single-and double-strand breaks in the DNA of intact Escherichia coli and this activity was prevented by catalase and SOD, suggesting the involvement of free radicals in the mechanism of CITinduced damage. Ribeiro et al (1997), however, did not observe any significant role of oxidative stress in CIT toxicity on rat liver cells. In another study in rabbits, it was observed that CIT alone did not cause any significant change in antioxidant enzymes (SOD and catalase), but in combination with OTA, the effect was more severe (additive) (Kumar, 2005) than that observed when OTA alone was used.…”

Optimization of Monascus Pigment Production and its Antibacterial Activity

“…Previous studies have shown that citrinin, an antibacterial substance produced by Monascus species has a strong inhibitory effect against gram-positive bacteria (Su et al, 2003;Vendruscolo et al, 2014). Our investigation is also in agreement with the results of the M. purpureus NTU 601 strain proven to produce citrinin (Ribeiro et al, 1997) which postulated that the antibacterial effect of citrinin on B. subtilis was related to the size of the inhibition zone. So, it was observed that Monascus pigment besides colour provides preservation value.…”

Monascus ruber: A Rare Cause of Onychomycosis

“…Industrially, Monascus species is an important source of bioactive compounds like monacolin K, which is a very effective hypocholesterolemic agent. However, a toxic drug interaction has been reported between cyclosporine and monacolin K of the red yeast rice (Monascus purpureus) that led to rhabdomyolysis in a renal transplant recipient [6][7][8][9][10]. Some Monascus compounds such as citrinin have been reported to be nephron-hepatotoxic [8].…”

“…It is known to cause gastric infection that is associated with the consumption of contaminated dried and salted fish as M. ruber is sodium chloride tolerant [6,7]. It has also been reported to cause allergy and anaphylaxis in response to red yeast rice which is due to an immediate sensitivity to Monascus purpureus [9]. Another study described a direct renal infection due to M. ruber after surgery in a 70-year-old patient with multiple kidney stones [4].…”