Mechanism of Calcium Sulfate Scale Deposition on Heat Transfer Surfaces

Hasson, David; Zahavi, J.

doi:10.1021/i160033a001

Cited by 108 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…A large number of the published studies agree on the fact that the formation of the calcium sulfate nuclei is initiated on solid substrates. These substrates may be either metallic surfaces of heat exchangers or crystals of the same or different substrates [4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium sulfate precipitation in the presence of water-soluble polymers

Lioliou

Paraskeva

Koutsoukos

et al. 2006

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium sulfate precipitation in the presence of water-soluble polymers

Lioliou

Paraskeva

Koutsoukos

et al. 2006

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

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“…Considerable attention has been given to the various forms of calcium sulfate crystallizing from aqueous solution as affected by temprature, pH, solution stoichiometric ratio of lattice ions, and impurities level (1)(2)(3)(4). These and other important factors involved in the nucleation and growth of calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaS04.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics of crystal growth of calcium sulfate dihydrate. The influence of polymer composition, molecular weight, and solution pH

Amjad¹

1988

Can. J. Chem.

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A seeded crystal growth technique has been used to study the influence of solution pH and temperature ranging from 25 to 50°C on the performance of polymers of varying functional groups as calcium sulfate dihydrate (CaS04.2H20, gypsum) crystal growth inhibitors. Results indicate that at constant temperature and at a constant solution pH, crystallization in the presence of polyacrylic acids is preceded by an initial slow growth reaction, hcreaftcr called induction period, following which crystal growth of gypsum proceeds with a rate close to that in pure supersaturated solution. Results suggest that at a constant pH, polyacrylic acid concentration, molecular weight, and temperature greatly affect the duration of induction period. Kinetic data collected as a function of solution pH in the range 2.5 to 9.0 suggest that solution pH has a marked effect on the induction period. The observed dependence of induction period on solution pH may be explained in terms of the degree of ionization of polyacrylic acid. Among the polymers of varying functional groups studied, i.e. carboxyl, sulfonate, acrylamide, dimethyldiallylammonium, etc., only those polymers having carboxyl group showed marked inhibitory activity for the growth of gypsum crystals.ZAHID AMJAD. Can. J . Chem. 66, 1529 (1988) On a fait appel i une technique de croissance de cristaux ensemencCs pour Ctudier I'influence du pH de la solution ainsi que de la tempkrature (allant de 25 i 50°C) sur la performance de polymkres portant divers groupements fonctionnels comme inhibiteurs de la croissance de cristaux du sulfate de calcium dihydratC (&SO4. 2H20, gypse). Les rCsultats indiquent que, i tempCrature constante et i un pH de solution constant, la cristallisation en prCsence d'acides polyacryliques est prCcCdCe par une rCaction initiale de croissance qui est lente, appelCe par la suite pCriode d'induction, et qui est suivie par une croissanee du cristal de gypse se produisant i une vitesse qui est proche de celle qui est observie avec une solution sursaturke pure. Les rCsultats suggerent que, i des pH constants, la concentration en acide polyacrylique, le poids molCculaire et la tempirature influencent beaucoup la pCriode d'induction. Les donnCes cinCtiques recueillies en fonction du pH allant de 2,5 2 9,O suggtrent que le pH de la solution a une influence marquCe sur la pCriode d'induction. On peut expliquer cette observation en fonction du degri d'ionisation de I'acide polyacrylique. Parmi les polymeres portant divers groupements fonctionnels, eomme carboxyle, sulfonate, acrylamide, dirnithyldiallylammonium, etc, seuls les polymeres portant des groupements carbonyles prisentent une activitC inhibitrice marquee sur la croissance des cristaux de gypse.[Traduit par la revue]

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“…The strong bonds characterizing the structure of such deposits make removal mechanisms somewhat ineffective. This hypothesis, initially proposed by Taborek et al [18,19], is further supported by the experimental work of Hasson et al [20], Andritsos et al [21], and Zubair et al [22] while investigating the mechanism of CaCO 3 scale growth in laboratory experiments.…”

Section: Linear Fouling Modelmentioning

confidence: 58%