Mechanism of barotaxis in marine zooplankton

Bezares-Calderón, Luis A; Shahidi, Réza; Jékely, Gáspár

doi:10.1101/2023.02.28.530398

“…Pressure-induced Ca 2+ transients in cPRCs lack an inhibitory phase and late activation and resemble UV responses in NIT-GC2 morphants (Bezares-Calderón et al, 2023 ). This indicates that the differentiation of sensory cues by the multisensory cPRCs occurs already at the level of sensory signal transduction.…”

Section: Nit-gc2mentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Consequently, ciliary beating increases and the larvae swim upwards. The effect of pressure on cilia requires synaptic transmission by the serotonergic Ser-h1 neurons (Bezares-Calderón et al, 2023 ).…”

Section: Nit-gc2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric oxide feedback to ciliary photoreceptor cells gates a UV avoidance circuit

Jokura,

Ueda,

Gühmann

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Nitric oxide (NO) produced by nitric-oxide synthase (NOS) is a key regulator of animal physiology. Here we uncover a function for NO in the integration of UV exposure and the gating of a UV-avoidance circuit. We studied UV/violet avoidance mediated by brain ciliary photoreceptors (cPRCs) in larvae of the annelid Platynereis dumerilii. In the larva, NOS is expressed in interneurons (INNOS) postsynaptic to cPRCs. UV stimulation of cPRCs triggers INNOS activation and NO production. NO signals retrogradely to cPRCs to induce their sustained post-stimulus activation through an unconventional guanylate cyclase. This late activation inhibits serotonergic ciliomotor neurons to induce downward swimming. In NOS mutants, retrograde signalling, circuit output and UV avoidance are defective. By mathematical modelling, we recapitulate phototransduction and circuit dynamics in wild-type and mutant larvae. Our results reveal how NO-mediated retrograde signalling gates a synaptic circuit and induces short-term memory of UV exposure to orchestrate light-avoidance behaviour.

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“…Pressure-induced Ca transients in cPRCs lack an inhibitory phase and late activation and resemble UV responses in NIT-GC2 morphants (Bezares-Calderón et al, 2023). This indicates that the di�erentiation of sensory cues by the multisensory cPRCs occurs already at the level of sensory signal transduction.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Phototransduction and Neurotransmission In The ...mentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Consequently, ciliary beating increases and the larvae swim upwards. The e�ect of pressure on cilia requires synaptic transmission by the serotonergic Ser-h1 neurons (Bezares-Calderón et al, 2023).…”

Section: Mechanism Of Phototransduction and Neurotransmission In The ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric oxide feedback to ciliary photoreceptor cells gates a UV avoidance circuit

Jokura

¹

,

Ueda

²

,

Guehmann

³

et al. 2023

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nitric oxide (NO) produced by nitric-oxide synthase (NOS) is a key regulator of animal physiology. Here we uncover a function for NO in the integration of UV exposure and the gating of a UV-avoidance circuit. We studied UV/violet avoidance mediated by brain ciliary photoreceptors (cPRCs) in larvae of the annelid Platynereis dumerilii. In the larva, NOS is expressed in interneurons (INNOS) postsynaptic to cPRCs. UV stimulation of cPRCs triggers INNOS activation and NO production. NO signals retrogradely to cPRCs to induce their sustained post-stimulus activation through an unconventional guanylate cyclase. This late activation inhibits serotonergic ciliomotor neurons to induce downward swimming. In NOS mutants, retrograde signalling, circuit output and UV avoidance are defective. By mathematical modelling, we recapitulate phototransduction and circuit dynamics in wild-type and mutant larvae. Our results reveal how NO-mediated retrograde signalling gates a synaptic circuit and induces short-term memory of UV exposure to orchestrate light-avoidance behaviour.

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“…The apical organ is a larval neurosecretory structure identified in diverse groups of marine invertebrates and located at the frontal region of the larvae. Behavioral studies have demonstrated that ciliated larvae use the apical organ to process environmental cues and modulate their swimming behavior ( Schmich et al 1998 ; Iwao et al 2002 ; Sinigaglia et al 2015 ; Bezares-Calderón et al 2023 ). The apical domain of the larvae is often equipped with an “apical tuft” of long cilia that protrude from apical cells ( Chia and Koss 1979 ; Page 2002 ; Gruhl 2009 ; Conzelmann et al 2011 ; Goldberg et al 2011 ; Garner et al 2015 ; Verasztó et al 2017 ; Marinković et al 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene Regulatory Network that Shaped the Evolution of Larval Apical Organ in Cnidaria

Gilbert,

Craggs,

Modepalli

2023

Molecular Biology and Evolution

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Among non-bilaterian animals, a larval apical sensory organ with integrated neurons is only found in cnidarians. Within cnidarians, an apical organ with a ciliary tuft is mainly found in Actiniaria. Whether this apical tuft has evolved independently in Actiniaria or alternatively originated in the common ancestor of Cnidaria and Bilateria and was lost in specific groups is uncertain. To test this hypothesis, we generated transcriptomes of the apical domain during the planula stage of four species representing three key groups of cnidarians: Aurelia aurita (Scyphozoa), Nematostella vectensis (Actiniaria), and Acropora millepora and Acropora tenuis (Scleractinia). We showed that the canonical genes implicated in patterning the apical domain of N. vectensis are largely absent in A. aurita. In contrast, the apical domain of the scleractinian planula shares gene expression pattern with N. vectensis. By comparing the larval single-cell transcriptomes, we revealed the apical organ cell type of Scleractinia and confirmed its homology to Actiniaria. However, Fgfa2, a vital regulator of the regionalisation of the N. vectensis apical organ, is absent in the scleractinian genome. Likewise, we found that FoxJ1 and 245 genes associated with cilia are exclusively expressed in the N. vectensis apical domain, which is in line with the presence of ciliary apical tuft in Actiniaria and its absence in Scleractinia and Scyphozoa. Our findings suggest that the common ancestor of cnidarians lacked a ciliary apical tuft, and it could have evolved independently in the Actiniaria.

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Mechanism of barotaxis in marine zooplankton

Cited by 9 publications

References 64 publications

Nitric oxide feedback to ciliary photoreceptor cells gates a UV avoidance circuit

Nitric oxide feedback to ciliary photoreceptor cells gates a UV avoidance circuit

Nitric oxide feedback to ciliary photoreceptor cells gates a UV avoidance circuit

Gene Regulatory Network that Shaped the Evolution of Larval Apical Organ in Cnidaria

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