Mechanism of antisymmetric spin polarization in centrosymmetric multiple-$Q$ magnets based on bilinear and biquadratic spin cross products

Abstract

We investigate how to engineer an antisymmetric spin-split band structure under spin density waves with finite ordering wave vectors in centrosymmetric systems without the relativistic spinorbit coupling. On the basis of a perturbative analysis for the spin-charge coupled model in centrosymmetric itinerant magnets, we show that nonzero chiral-type bilinear and biquadratic spin cross products in momentum space under the magnetic orderings are related to an antisymmetric spin polarization in the electronic band structure. We apply the derived formula to the single-Q cycloidal spiral and double-Q noncoplanar states including the meron-antimeron and skyrmion crystals. Our results present a clue to realize a giant antisymmetric spin splitting driven by magnetic phase transitions in the centrosymmetric lattice structures without the spin-orbit coupling.