Mechanism of ambient particulate matter and respiratory infections

Buonfiglio, Luis G. Vargas; Comellas, Alejandro P.

doi:10.21037/jtd.2019.12.33

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Liu et al (2018) described a higher relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria during heavily air polluted days [58], since microorganisms have a greater availability of surfaces to adhere to and a selective pressure due to air pollution composition promoting the survival of pathogenic bacteria, whose growth is promoted by the presence of nutrients in the particulate matter (e.g., iron) [59]. Other proposed mechanisms by which PM promotes human diseases, especially respiratory infections, are the ability of PM to decrease the mucociliary mobility and to decrease antimicrobial peptide expression, but also inhibiting macrophages' phagocytic activity [60]. Not only the presence of pathogens in the aerobiome and the increase in abundance of those microorganisms that are correlated with air pollution represent a health threat for humans, but also the decrease in the diversity of the microbial communities in the urban area is associated with an increase of respiratory syndromes such as asthma and allergies [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Aerobiome and Effects on Human Health: A Systematic Review and Missing Evidence

et al. 2022

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Urban air pollutants are a major public health concern and include biological matters which composes about 25% of the atmospheric aerosol particles. Airborne microorganisms were traditionally characterized by culture-based methods recognizing just 1.5–15.3% of the total bacterial diversity that was evaluable by genome signature in the air environment (aerobiome). Despite the large number of exposed people, urban aerobiomes are still weakly described even if recently advanced literature has been published. This paper aims to systematically review the state of knowledge on the urban aerobiome and human health effects. A total of 24 papers that used next generation sequencing (NGS) techniques for characterization and comprised a seasonal analysis have been included. A core of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroides and various factors that influenced the community structure were detected. Heterogenic methods and results were reported, for both sampling and aerobiome diversity analysis, highlighting the necessity of in-depth and homogenized assessment thus reducing the risk of bias. The aerobiome can include threats for human health, such as pathogens and resistome spreading; however, its diversity seems to be protective for human health and reduced by high levels of air pollution. Evidence of the urban aerobiome effects on human health need to be filled up quickly for urban public health purposes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Aerobiome and Effects on Human Health: A Systematic Review and Missing Evidence

et al. 2022

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“…Understanding the distribution of vibrissae offers insight into airway disorders aggravated by particulate matter, such as asthma or chronic lung infections. 2 Prior research suggests that decreased vibrissae count increases asthma risk, likely from increased airway exposure to higher allergen load, 1 and advanced age is reportedly associated with higher risk of mortality from asthma. 3 In addition, these findings may offer clinical considerations for patients with hair loss.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation of Vibrissal Density in Sinonasal Surgery Patients

Hutchison

Hernandez

Park

et al. 2022

Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine

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“…The airway epithelium as a major site of PM deposition is known to be inflammogenic [ 4 ]. Several studies have shown that PM retention in airways triggers pulmonary inflammation [ 14 , 15 , 35 ]. This study revealed that uPM 10 inhalation to mice enhanced lung tissue levels of the inflammatory COX-2 and NOS2, suggesting that uPM 10 caused pulmonary inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a growing body of evidence demonstrating that the adverse effects of airborne PM on respiratory or cardiovascular diseases are linked to its deposition in the respiratory tract [ 4 , 13 ]. Numerous studies have investigated which mechanisms are involved in respiratory health effects in response to PM [ 14 , 15 , 16 ]. The airway epithelium, as the major site of PM deposition, may undergo barrier dysfunction as the initial effects of PM [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aesculetin Inhibits Airway Thickening and Mucus Overproduction Induced by Urban Particulate Matter through Blocking Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Involving TLR4 and EGFR

Kim

Kang

et al. 2021

Antioxidants

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Particulate matter (PM) is a mixture of solid and liquid air pollutant particles suspended in the air, varying in composition, size, and physical features. PM is the most harmful form of air pollution due to its ability to penetrate deep into the lungs and blood streams, causing diverse respiratory diseases. Aesculetin, a coumarin derivative present in the Sancho tree and chicory, is known to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in the vascular and immune system. However, its effect on PM-induced airway thickening and mucus hypersecretion is poorly understood. The current study examined whether naturally-occurring aesculetin inhibited airway thickening and mucus hypersecretion caused by urban PM10 (uPM10, particles less than 10 μm). Mice were orally administrated with 10 mg/kg aesculetin and exposed to 6 μg/mL uPM10 for 8 weeks. To further explore the mechanism(s) involved in inhibition of uPM10-induced mucus hypersecretion by aesculetin, bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells were treated with 1–20 µM aesculetin in the presence of 2 μg/mL uPM10. Oral administration of aesculetin attenuated collagen accumulation and mucus hypersecretion in the small airways inflamed by uPM10. In addition, aesculetin inhibited uPM10-evoked inflammation and oxidant production in lung tissues. Further, aesculetin accompanied the inhibition of induction of bronchial epithelial toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EFGR) elevated by uPM10. The inhibition of TLR4 and EGFR accompanied bronchial mucus hypersecretion in the presence of uPM10. Oxidative stress was responsible for the epithelial induction of TLR4 and EGFR, which was disrupted by aesculetin. These results demonstrated that aesculetin ameliorated airway thickening and mucus hypersecretion by uPM10 inhalation by inhibiting pulmonary inflammation via oxidative stress-stimulated TLR4 and EGFR. Therefore, aesculetin may be a promising agent for treating airway mucosa-associated disorders elicited by urban coarse particulates.

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Mechanism of ambient particulate matter and respiratory infections

Cited by 9 publications

References 24 publications

Urban Aerobiome and Effects on Human Health: A Systematic Review and Missing Evidence

Urban Aerobiome and Effects on Human Health: A Systematic Review and Missing Evidence

Variation of Vibrissal Density in Sinonasal Surgery Patients

Aesculetin Inhibits Airway Thickening and Mucus Overproduction Induced by Urban Particulate Matter through Blocking Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Involving TLR4 and EGFR

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