Mechanism of Actuation in Nickel Hydroxide/Oxyhydroxide Photoactuators

Hadden, Joseph H. L.; Bouchet, Marie; Morgan, George A; Riley, David

doi:10.1002/admi.202101072

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…As studied previously, TMO/H actuating materials exhibit a turbostratic crystal structure into which water molecules are physically intercalated and adsorbed (Figure 1D). [ 22,27 ] Under a decrease in the environmental humidity, temperature rise, or light illumination, water desorption, and deintercalation would occur to induce volume shrinkage and hence actuation. As MLG and MPPC exhibit no significant volume change under the above stimuli, the TMO/H–MLG–MPPC film would actuate by bending due to the shrinkage of TMO/H and recover to the original shape upon removal of the stimuli.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robotic Hair with Rich Sensation and Piloerection Functionalities Biomimicked by Stimuli‐Responsive Materials

Kwan

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Technologies

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in living organisms, an interesting aspect to mimic would be the accomplishment of complex functionality by the signal flows between the compact and yet demodularized and multifunctional building blocks such as cells, tissues, and organs. A particular challenge in this respect is the highly integrated and compact coupling of sensory and actuation capabilities, [1,2] as in the case of the human hand which is capable of dexterous manipulation relying on its rich sensation, [3] or the mammalian integumentary system that provides not only thermal and tactile sensation, but also the visible and regulatory response of hair erection or collapse on environmental changes. [4] A novel and promising approach along this direction is therefore to construct robots from compact integration of smart, stimuli-responsive materials that exhibit actuation upon external stimulation and, at the same time, further responses such as a resistance change for providing sensation feedback. [5,6] Such an approach relying on "material intelligence" would be in stark contrast with the current mainstream methods for achieving robotic intelligence, which mainly involve modularized functional units such as motors for actuation, and strain or pressure sensors for sensing. [7] Replacing the modularized component approach by the "material intelligence" approach would not only allow devices to be made with smaller sizes, but also enrich the robotic functionality via the intrinsic chemophysical properties of the smart materials. [6,[8][9][10] The recent emergence of new and high-performing smart materials has made it timely to pursue the above "material intelligence" approach, in applications requiring actuation in response to various stimuli including light, humidity, heat, magnetic fields and electricity, [11] as well as sensation by response of resistance, capacitive and optoelectronic signals. [12,13] A few actuation-sensation systems for single stimuli have been made, such as actuators embedded with piezoresistive strain feedback sensing, [14,15] combined sensors and actuators driven solely by moisture [16] or by light, [17] and light-driven actuators with temperature-sensing. [18,19] Integrated multisensing and motility have also been recently demonstrated in systems comprising materials that are thermal and strain sensing, and others that are actuating based on photothermal or shape-memory effects. [20,21] Here, our purpose is to use the material intelligence approach to develop robotic devices that Living organisms are imparted with compact intelligence in which a myriad of functionalities are delivered by highly integrated and demodularized subunits, as in the case of the mammalian skin in which different embedding stimuli-receptors and follicles work together to provide rich sensation for temperature and tactility, as well as the visible and regulatory response of hair erection via the arrector pili muscle. A breakthrough in robotics is to create similar intelligence using emerging stimuli-responsive materials. Here, a thin film composite co...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robotic Hair with Rich Sensation and Piloerection Functionalities Biomimicked by Stimuli‐Responsive Materials

Kwan

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Technologies

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“…The reason for the limited of materials is the poor mechanical properties of the bilayer due to the surface properties of inorganic materials. To solve this disadvantage, coordinately controlling the surface and interface of the material composition to optimize the bimorph structure is a viable strategy [18][19][20]. In a previous work, we optimized the interface of the bimorph structure, realizing building GO/ethylcellulose bidirectional bending actuators with fast and reversible shape changes in response to environmental humidity gradients [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfacial modulation of TiN nanoribbons/graphene oxide for high performance photoactuators

Yang¹,

Li²,

Zhu³

et al. 2022

Smart Mater. Struct.

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Photoactuators have attracted tremendous scientific attention due to the potential application prospects in sensors, switches, artificial muscles and microelectromechanical devices. However, catering for practical applications, the weak interfacial contact of bilayer limits its further applications. Herein, we focus our investigations on modulating the interface of titanium nitride (TiN) nanoribbons and graphene oxide by controlling the topography to successful design a high performance photoactuator. In one respect, the surface of TiN nanoribbons was treated by controlling the heating process, forming a uniform dispersion with graphene oxide (GO) that is convenient for preparing film. Also, the interface between the photothermal conversion layer and passive deformation layer optimized forming close chemical bonds combining. The actuator exhibits fast and reversible actuation performance under the control of light, which only takes 0.8 s to reach the maximum bending. This strategy facilitates unexpected photoactuation with interface engineering, which is expected to further broaden the application prospects of the actuator in smart devices.

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New actuating material types

Kwan,

Ngan

2024

Stimuli-Responsive Actuating Materials for Micro-Robotics

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Mechanism of Actuation in Nickel Hydroxide/Oxyhydroxide Photoactuators

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Robotic Hair with Rich Sensation and Piloerection Functionalities Biomimicked by Stimuli‐Responsive Materials

Robotic Hair with Rich Sensation and Piloerection Functionalities Biomimicked by Stimuli‐Responsive Materials

Interfacial modulation of TiN nanoribbons/graphene oxide for high performance photoactuators

New actuating material types

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