Mechanism of Action of Hypolipidemic Drugs

Sirtori, C. R.; Torreggiani, D.; Fumagalli, R.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-3258-9_8

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…directly involved in lipogenesis are also inhibited by millimolar levels of HFA. Clofibrate free acid (CPIB) produced similar results at four to ten times higher levels (data not shown) and the published literature indicates that CPIB inhibits many enzymes and biochemical processes in vitro (3)(4)(5)(6)(20)(21)(22)(23).…”

Section: Isolated Systemsmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…The question of whether plasma lipid lowering agents exert their action by affecting a single enzyme or by influencing several enzymes or biochemical processes has been investigated for many years in a number of laboratories. In the case of clofibrate, for example, there are a variety of mechanisms which could account for its hypotriglyceridemic and hypocholesterolemic activity (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6), How these different mechanisms relate to one another and to the clinical effects of clofibrate is not yet established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies on the mechanism of action of halofenate

Mandel

1977

Lipids

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This paper reviews most of the clinical studies on the mode of action of halofenate, an established hypolipidemichypouricemic agent in man. In yeast cutlures and in isolated rat adipocytes, halofenate was found to inhibit the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA. While pyruvate dehydrogenase was inhibited in vitro, halofenate also inhibited the activety of various other isolated enzymes. In rats maintained on halofenate in the diet (0.02-0.10%) for 2-14 days, there were 20-40% decreases in plasma cholesterol, trigly cerides, phospholipids, and free fatty acids. Inhibition of liver HMG-CoTA reductase does not appear to account for the hypocholesterolemic effect, and activation of mitochondrial alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase does not explain the hypotriglyceridemic action. Kinetic measurements of the serum appearance and disappearance of triglycerides in drug-treated rats suggest that the hypotriglyceridemic activity is due to a net inhibition of hepatic triglyceride synthesis. Reduction of very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in rats with sucrose-induced hyperlipidemia and normalization of the altered apolipoprotein profiles are in accord with the effects of halofenate on plasma triglyceride and cholesterol levels. The reduced insulin-to-glucagon ratio observed in Zucker obese hyperlipemic rats is also consistent with halofenat's hypotriglyceridemic activity. Preliminary experiments in rats on the mechanism of its hypoglycemic activity, observed in some diabetic hyperlipidemic patients, indicate that halofenate acts differently than conventional oral hypoglycemic agents. Some, but not all, of the effects of halofenate were observed with clofibrate at two to ten times higher levels.

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