Mechanism of action of drugs used in hypertension

Bhowmik, Rudranil; Shaharyar, Md. Adil; Kumar, Anand; Mazumdar, Hindol; Mandal, Avishek; Mandal, Pallab; Chakraborty, Suparno; Panday, Parag; Karmakar, Sanmoy

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-99855-0.00015-4

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 134 publications

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“…[2][3][4][5] Nadolol, like other β-adrenoceptor-blocking drugs, significantly reduces resting heart rate in patients with coronary artery disease and hypertension. 6,7 Moderate oral doses of Nadolol and propranolol (10-80 mg) inhibit the double product (heart rate × systolic blood pressure) in a dose-related manner. 8 Oral Nadolol is more potent than Atenolol in blocking exercise tachycardia in healthy subjects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A HPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of Nadolol in rat plasma: Development, validation, and application to pharmacokinetic study

Kanjarla,

Pasupuleti,

Boggula

et al. 2023

Eur J Mass Spectrom (Chichester)

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A sensitive validated method has been developed for the quantification of Nadolol in rat plasma by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) using deuterated Nadolol (Nadolol D9) as internal standard (IS). The liquid–liquid extraction method using ethyl acetate was employed for the sample pretreatment. The separation was achieved on the Agilent Zorbax XDB C18 column (150 mm × 4.6 mm ID., 3.5 μm). The column temperature was controlled at 30°C. The components were eluted by using mobile phase A (10 mM ammonium formate) and mobile phase B (acetonitrile) in the ratio of 20:80 v/v with a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min. And 15 μL aliquot was injected in an isocratic elution mode with a total run time of 2.5 min. The multiple reactions monitoring transitions, m/z 310.20/254.10 for Nadolol and IS 319.20/255.00 were selected to achieve high selective analysis. The method exhibited great selectivity and linearity over the concentration range of 6 to 3000 ng/mL. The lower limit of quantification was found to be 6 ng/mL. The developed method proved acceptable results on selectivity, sensitivity, precision, accuracy, and stability studies as per Food and Drug Administration guidelines. This HPLC-MS/MS assay was successfully applied to get the pharmacokinetics parameters in rat plasma.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A HPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of Nadolol in rat plasma: Development, validation, and application to pharmacokinetic study

Kanjarla,

Pasupuleti,

Boggula

et al. 2023

Eur J Mass Spectrom (Chichester)

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“…Circadian rhythms, environmental and behavioral cycles, and endogenous rhythmic influences also contribute to the 24-hour blood pressure profile (Hart & Charkoudian, 2017). The sympathetic nervous system, which controls vascular tone and hormonal responses, is a key regulator of arterial pressure (Bhowmik et al, 2023). Gender differences exist, with women generally having lower blood pressure and sympathetic neural activity compared to men, but the risk of hypertension increases in women after menopause (Botzer et al, 2021).…”

Section: Physiology Of Exercise and Blood Pressure Regulation A The P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of exercise modalities on blood pressure control in hypertensive patients

Abderrahmen,

Chaouki,

Mehamed

et al. 2024

ijhs

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Hypertension poses a significant health burden, necessitating effective interventions to manage blood pressure and mitigate associated cardiovascular risks. Exercise has emerged as a cornerstone non-pharmacological strategy in the management of hypertension. This comprehensive review synthesizes current evidence regarding the impact of various exercise modalities on blood pressure regulation in hypertensive individuals. The review commences by elucidating the physiological mechanisms underpinning exercise-induced blood pressure alterations, highlighting factors influencing blood pressure responses during different exercises. It delineates the differential impacts of aerobic and resistance training, examining their effectiveness in blood pressure reduction among diverse populations, considering age, fitness levels, and comorbidities. Moreover, the review explores the emerging prominence of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), showcasing its unique effects on blood pressure regulation and cardiorespiratory fitness improvement compared to traditional continuous aerobic exercises. Additionally, alternative mind-body exercises, including tai chi, qigong, and mindfulness-based interventions, are investigated for their potential to influence blood pressure levels among hypertensive populations. Furthermore, the review identifies novel exercise approaches such as deep breathing exercises and multi-modal isometric exercise training (MIET) as promising strategies for blood pressure control in hypertensive individuals, emphasizing their potential benefits and implications for tailored exercise prescriptions.

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“…These include the induction of mechanical injury to endothelial cells, increased permeability of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) into the intima, and the adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells. The activation of the AT1-subtype angiotensin II receptor stimulates the secretion of aldosterone by angiotensin II, which in turn contributes to the hypertensive effects observed in these processes [104,105]. In hyperlipidemic mice, elevated plasma levels of angiotensin II, which is frequently found in hypertensive (HTN) people, promote atherosclerosis and the development of aortic aneurysms [106,107].…”

Section: Atherosclerosis Mediated Inflammation Followed By Hypertensi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Natural Products in Inflammatory Pharmacology: Harnessing Nature's Potential Through Drug Delivery for Therapeutic Intervention

Bhowmik,

Shaharyar,

Sarkar

et al. 2023

jchr

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Inflammatory disorders encompass a broad spectrum of conditions marked by abnormal immune responses and persistent inflammation, affecting healthcare and patient wellbeing. Seeking alternative, safe, and efficacious treatments, researchers are turning to natural products within the realm of inflammatory pharmacology. These products, sourced from plants, animals, and microorganisms, hold promise as therapeutic interventions. Natural products exhibit complex interactions with molecular targets and signaling pathways involved in the inflammatory cascade across various diseases. These interactions result in anti-inflammatory (AI) effects and provide potential therapeutic benefits. These advantages may be harnessed via diverse drug delivery methods used for administering these natural products. Plant-derived compounds like CUR (CUR), found in turmeric, exhibit robust AI effects by modulating inflammation-associated pathways. Resveratrol (RES), present in grapes and berries, mitigates inflammation and oxidative stress. Similarly, animal-derived products such as omega-3 fatty acids (OFG) and bee venom components, along with microbial-derived substances like probiotics and fungal metabolites, display notable AI properties. It presents an all-encompassing perspective on the role of natural products in inflammatory pharmacology, scrutinizing their molecular mechanisms, efficacy, and applicability through drug delivery approaches in diverse inflammatory disorders. By synthesizing the latest scientific strides, the article deepens our comprehension of the therapeutic potential of natural products in managing inflammatory conditions through various drug delivery approaches, thereby offering valuable insights for future research and clinical utilization.

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Mechanism of action of drugs used in hypertension

Cited by 3 publications

References 134 publications

A HPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of Nadolol in rat plasma: Development, validation, and application to pharmacokinetic study

A HPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of Nadolol in rat plasma: Development, validation, and application to pharmacokinetic study

Impact of exercise modalities on blood pressure control in hypertensive patients

Role of Natural Products in Inflammatory Pharmacology: Harnessing Nature's Potential Through Drug Delivery for Therapeutic Intervention

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