Mechanism map for nucleation and growth of helium bubbles in metals

Roles of silicon-layer in Ti3SiC2 materials response to helium irradiation: New insights from first-principles calculation

“…The accumulation of helium degrades the mechanical properties of materials by enhancing void swelling, and by causing granular embrittlement and surface roughening. Numerous studies of helium behavior in metals [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] have revealed that the helium bubbles often evolved into spheres if the role of extended defects was not considered. Recently, helium implantation and defect mobility behavior in MAX phases has been studied both experimentally [17][18][19]32] and theoretically [33,34].…”

Pair potential for Fe–He

“…Helium bubble formation and helium-vacancy clustering in iron has been studied [11][12][13][14] using a Fe-He pair potential by Wilson [15], which was not fitted to properties of helium in an iron matrix and is known to produce He defect energies in poor agreement with ab initio data [14]. The potential by Wilson gives the wrong order of stability for tetrahedral versus octahedral interstitials and a large difference compared to the stability of a substitutional He, as shown in Table 1.…”

Phase-field modeling of gas bubbles and thermal conductivity evolution in nuclear fuels

“…The equation of state and chemical free energy of the He gas phase has been studied in Refs. [17,36,37]. A chemical free energy was constructed with the calculated equilibrium concentration of He gas at T = 1200 K. Fig.…”

“…Great progress has also been made in developing computational models for the prediction of gas release and fuel performance [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. For example, the most advanced models include FAST-GRASS [18], VICTORIA [19], MFPR [20,21] and FRAPCON [22].…”