Mechanism and Design Analysis of Articulated Ankle Foot Orthoses for Drop-Foot

Alam, Morshed; Choudhury, Imtiaz Ahmed; Mamat, Azuddin

doi:10.1155/2014/867869

Cited by 99 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The suggested mechanism-of-action for AFO is that the device remedies the loss of dorsiflexion/eversion by holding the foot in a neutral position, but this can result in negative effects on neuromuscular control and muscle biomechanics with long-term use (29)(30)(31). Therefore, it has been assumed that they only provide immediate-orthotic effects (12), a notion supported by the only known long-term AFO-specific RCT in the field (32).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional electrical stimulation versus ankle foot orthoses for foot-drop: A meta-analysis of orthotic effects

Prenton¹,

Hollands²,

Kenney³

2016

J Rehabil Med

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Data suggest that, in contrast to assumptions that predict FES superiority, ankle foot orthoses have equally positive combined-orthotic effects as FES on key walking measures for foot-drop caused by stroke. However, further long-term, high-quality RCTs are required. These should focus on measuring the mechanisms-of-action; whether there is translation of improvements in impairment to function, plus detailed reporting of the devices used across diagnoses. Only then can robust clinical recommendations be made.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional electrical stimulation versus ankle foot orthoses for foot-drop: A meta-analysis of orthotic effects

Prenton¹,

Hollands²,

Kenney³

2016

J Rehabil Med

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The input for a control system is usually obtained from the users or their interaction with the environment. The reported inputs from the user include the EMG signal [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50], joint angle [51], limb acceleration [21,40,51], bending moment [41,52], and the user's intention [30]. The joint angle can be obtained from the knee, hip, and ankle, depending on the purpose of the controller.…”

Section: Input and Gait Phasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As for the exact value of the torque, it can be set beforehand according to the subject's needs. Another work on the AFO with an MR brake, known as the Passive Controlled AFO (PICAFO), was conducted by Adiputra [48][49][50]. The purpose of the control was the same as for the I-AFO, which was to prevent foot drop on post-stroke patients.…”

Section: Damping Stiffness Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Control of the Mechanical Properties of Ankle Foot Orthosis for Gait Assistance

et al. 2019

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In the past decade, advanced technologies in robotics have been explored to enhance the rehabilitation of post-stroke patients. Previous works have shown that gait assistance for post-stroke patients can be provided through the use of robotics technology in ancillary equipment, such as Ankle Foot Orthosis (AFO). An AFO is usually used to assist patients with spasticity or foot drop problems. There are several types of AFOs, depending on the flexibility of the joint, such as rigid, flexible rigid, and articulated AFOs. A rigid AFO has a fixed joint, and a flexible rigid AFO has a more flexible joint, while the articulated AFO has a freely rotating ankle joint, where the mechanical properties of the AFO are more controllable compared to the other two types of AFOs. This paper reviews the control of the mechanical properties of existing AFOs for gait assistance in post-stroke patients. Several aspects that affect the control of the mechanical properties of an AFO, such as the controller input, number of gait phases, controller output reference, and controller performance evaluation are discussed and compared. Thus, this paper will be of interest to AFO researchers or developers who would like to design their own AFOs with the most suitable mechanical properties based on their application. The controller input and the number of gait phases are discussed first. Then, the discussion moves forward to the methods of estimating the controller output reference, which is the main focus of this study. Based on the estimation method, the gait control strategies can be classified into subject-oriented estimations and phase-oriented estimations. Finally, suggestions for future studies are addressed, one of which is the application of the adaptive controller output reference to maximize the benefits of the AFO to users.

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“…Provision of appropriate and well‐fitting orthotic supports, can improve the efficiency of movement as well as harvesting energy from gait (Alam et al , ).…”

Section: Models Of Carementioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation and management of IgM and Waldenström‐associated peripheral neuropathies: recommendations from the IWWM‐8 consensus panel

et al. 2017

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Summary Paraproteinaemic neuropathies are a heterogeneous group of disorders most frequently associated with IgM monoclonal gammopathies including Waldenström macroglobulinaemia (WM). Their consequences are significant for affected patients, and their management challenging for their physicians. The variability in clinical presentation and time course hamper classification and management. The indications for invasive investigations such as cerebrospinal fluid analysis, nerve conduction tests and sensory nerve biopsies are unclear, and the optimum way to measure clinical response to treatment unknown. When to intervene and and how to treat, also present challenges to physicians. As part of its latest deliberations at the International Workshops on WM (IWWM) in London, UK (August 2014), the IWWM8 panel have proposed a consensus approach to the diagnosis and management of peripheral neuropathies associated with IgM monoclonal gammopathies, including WM. Importantly, a consensus regarding the use of clinical outcome measures and recommended models of care for this group of patients is discussed, as well as appropriate treatment interventions.

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Mechanism and Design Analysis of Articulated Ankle Foot Orthoses for Drop-Foot

Cited by 99 publications

References 38 publications

Functional electrical stimulation versus ankle foot orthoses for foot-drop: A meta-analysis of orthotic effects

Functional electrical stimulation versus ankle foot orthoses for foot-drop: A meta-analysis of orthotic effects

A Review on the Control of the Mechanical Properties of Ankle Foot Orthosis for Gait Assistance

Investigation and management of IgM and Waldenström‐associated peripheral neuropathies: recommendations from the IWWM‐8 consensus panel

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