Mechanics of Turbulent Buoyant Jets and Plumes

List, E. J.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-026492-9.50005-0

Cited by 89 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 125 publications

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“…Instead, it is a mean contribution to entrainment associated with the Ri dependence that is responsible for the higher entrainment coefficient. List & Imberger (1973) and List (1982) observed that plumes and jets spread at a very similar rate, which, via (3.12), provides support for δ m remaining approximately constant. Kaminski et al (2005) calculate δ m (which is proportional to their C parameter, see appendix A) for pure plumes and then use the entrainment relation α-MS to observe that this value is in close agreement with the jet data, and in accordance with previous observations that the Reynolds-stress profiles in jets and plumes are very similar (Panchapakesan & Lumley 1993a;Wang & Law 2002).…”

Section: Pure Jets and Plumes In An Unstratified Environmentmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…An analysis of the literature documenting laboratory experiments and simulations of pure jets and plumes in unstratified environments revealed that, to leading order, the PB entrainment model (1.2) provides an appropriate description of the physics, as was previously observed indirectly by Fox (1970), List & Imberger (1973), Wang & Law (2002) and Ezzamel et al (2015). This implies that the assumption made in Priestley & Ball (1955) that the profile coefficient associated with the production of turbulence kinetic energy δ m does not depend of the flux parameter Γ is approximately valid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…A few years later List & Imberger (1973), starting from the observation that jets and plumes spread at practically the same rate (see also List 1982), derived an entrainment model compatible with (1.2). This is indeed consistent -solutions to the PB model are straight-sided, with identical spreading rate regardless of the value of Γ , including forced and lazy plumes (Priestley & Ball 1955, see also § 5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…the far field), and his model took into account the possibility of the velocity and buoyancy profiles having different widths. Apart from deriving the far-field entrainment relation, Fox derived the PB entrainment model, given by (Fox 1970;List & Imberger 1973) …”

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confidence: 99%

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Energy-consistent entrainment relations for jets and plumes

2015

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We discuss energetic restrictions on the entrainment coefficient α for axisymmetric jets and plumes. The resulting entrainment relation includes contributions from the mean flow, turbulence and pressure, fundamentally linking α to the production of turbulence kinetic energy, the plume Richardson number Ri and the profile coefficients associated with the shape of the buoyancy and velocity profiles. This entrainment relation generalises the work by Kaminski et al. (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 526, 2005, pp. 361-376) and Fox (J. Geophys. Res., vol. 75, 1970, pp. 6818-6835). The energetic viewpoint provides a unified framework with which to analyse the classical entrainment models implied by the plume theories of Morton et al. , vol. 81, 1954, pp. 144-157). Data for pure jets and plumes in unstratified environments indicate that to first order the physics is captured by the Priestley and Ball entrainment model, implying that (1) the profile coefficient associated with the production of turbulence kinetic energy has approximately the same value for pure plumes and jets, (2) the value of α for a pure plume is roughly a factor of 5/3 larger than for a jet and (3) the enhanced entrainment coefficient in plumes is primarily associated with the behaviour of the mean flow and not with buoyancy-enhanced turbulence. Theoretical suggestions are made on how entrainment can be systematically studied by creating constant-Ri flows in a numerical simulation or laboratory experiment.

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Section: Pure Jets and Plumes In An Unstratified Environmentmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Energy-consistent entrainment relations for jets and plumes

2015

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“…Systemic review and summarization on round vertical turbulent buoyant jets have been made by List (1982) [1] and Chen and Rodi (1980) [2] . Extensive reviews have been reported by Jirka,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Characteristics of Vertical Buoyant Jet from a Square Orifice in Static Ambient

Wang¹,

Liqin²,

Sun³

2017

Proceedings of the 2017 2nd International Conference on Civil, Transportation and Environmental Engineering (ICCTE 2017)

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Abstract:A three-dimensional eddy model considering buoyancy was established to simulate vertical buoyant flow from a square orifice in static ambient. The hybrid finite analytic method with stagged grid was used to solve this model. Experiments were made to confirm the efficiency and validity of the model, and concentration on the axis under different experimental conditions was obtained. Conclusions showed that axial concentration from a square orifice coincided well with those from a circular one after a little distance from the jet mouth. The shapes of temperature distribution on different height cross-sections tallied well with those from a circular orifice. The existence of self-similar area of temperature was confirmed also.

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A coupled three‐dimensional hydrodynamic model for predicting hypolimnetic oxygenation and epilimnetic mixing in a shallow eutrophic reservoir

Chen

Lei

Carey

et al. 2017

Water Resources Research

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Artificial mixing and hypolimnetic oxygenation are two common methods for improving water quality in reservoirs. To examine the effects of their operation on the thermal structure of the water column, we used a three‐dimensional hydrodynamic model coupled with a newly developed water‐jet model and an existing linear bubble‐plume model in conjunction with whole‐reservoir in situ mixing experiments in a drinking‐water reservoir. This reservoir has a side‐stream supersaturation (SSS) hypolimnetic oxygenation system and a bubble‐plume epilimnetic mixing (EM) system installed to reduce hypolimnetic hypoxia and algal blooms. The results show that the SSS successfully adds dissolved oxygen to the hypolimnion without destratifying the reservoir, whereas the EM, located at the lower metalimnetic boundary, deepens this boundary and partially mixes the metalimnion and epilimnion. The newly developed water‐jet model coupled with the hydrodynamic model can successfully predict the variation of the thermal structure in the reservoir. The extent to which the SSS and EM systems affect the thermal structure of the reservoir is also quantified by further application of the coupled hydrodynamic model.

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Mechanics of Turbulent Buoyant Jets and Plumes

Cited by 89 publications

References 125 publications

Energy-consistent entrainment relations for jets and plumes

Energy-consistent entrainment relations for jets and plumes

Thermal Characteristics of Vertical Buoyant Jet from a Square Orifice in Static Ambient

A coupled three‐dimensional hydrodynamic model for predicting hypolimnetic oxygenation and epilimnetic mixing in a shallow eutrophic reservoir

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