Mechanics of controlled release of insulin entrapped in polyacrylic acid gels via variable electrical stimuli

Mallawarachchi, Samavath; Mahadevan, Aishwarya; Gejji, Varun; Fernando, Sandun

doi:10.1007/s13346-019-00620-7

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…These particles can carry molecular cargo within the aqueous pores produced by the cross links 27 if the drug molecule is small enough. Larger molecular weight agents can certainly be carried between the hydrated particles (minigels) and this space can also accommodate undissolved finely divided solid.…”

Section: Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gels for constant and smart delivery of insulin

2020

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The focus of this review is the role of gelatinous materials for oral, transdermal and peritoneal insulin platforms as alternatives to the ubiquitous subcutaneous depot approach. Hydrogels that form hydrated, cohesive materials and the topologically complex micellar types can add ligand interaction, bond vulnerability and rheological characteristics to develop reliable programmed release, including closed loop (automated basal and bolus) activity in non-oral routes. In addition, the potential protection of the protein and likely increased paracellular uptake mean that orally active insulin is feasible. While unlikely to be suitable for closed loop delivery, the driver for gut absorption is not only to increase the convenience and decrease dosage trauma, but to target the mesentery-portal vasculature rather than peripheral tissue, thus improving hepatic glycogen equilibrium and reducing the obesogenic effect and hypoglycaemic episodes.

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Section: Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gels for constant and smart delivery of insulin

2020

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“…Since chitosan was able to form a dense gel matrix structure [59]. After the elimination of 1Gel:3(Ch–HTCC) because of huge initial release, results indicated that the release rate of insulin decreased by higher crosslinking in hydrogels [60]. 1Gel:6(Ch–HTCC) showed a slower release of insulin than 1HTCC:1Ch which has no Gel in its network.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of thermosensitive hydrogel based on quaternized chitosan for intranasal delivery of insulin

Bahmanpour

Ghaffari

Milan

et al. 2020

Biotech and App Biochem

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Nasal administration is a form of systemic administration in which drugs are insufflated through the nasal cavity. Steroids, nicotine replacement, antimigraine drugs, and peptide drugs are examples of the available systematically active drugs as nasal sprays. For diabetic patients who need to use insulin daily, the nasal pathway can be used as an alternative to subcutaneous injection. In this regard, intranasal insulin delivery as a user‐friendly and systemic administration has recently attracted more attention. In this study, a novel formulation consists of chitosan, chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (HTCC), and gelatin (Gel) was proposed and examined as a feasible carrier for intranasal insulin administration. First, the optimization of the chitosan–HTCC hydrogel combination has done. Afterward, Gel with various amounts blended with the chitosan–HTCC optimized samples. In the next step, swelling rate, gelation time, degradation, adhesion, and other mechanical, chemical, and biological properties of the hydrogels were studied. Finally, insulin in clinical formulation and dosage was blended with optimized thermosensitive hydrogel and the release procedure of insulin was studied with electrochemiluminescence technique. The optimal formulation (consisted of 2 wt% chitosan, 1 wt% HTCC, and 0.5 wt% Gel) showed low gelation time, uniform pore structure, and the desirable swelling rate, which were resulted in the adequate encapsulation and prolonged release of insulin in 24 H. The optimal samples released 65% of the total amount of insulin in the first 24 H, which is favorable for this study.

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“…As is well known, PMA hydrogels are biocompatible materials widely introduced for a number of biomedical applications. 12,18,[25][26][27] In this context, the most interesting feature of the mechanical behavior of MgPMA gels in a DC electric field is their ability to generate a significant value of active force under quasiisovolumetric conditions. This closely resembles the mechanical properties of smooth muscles, which are part of most hollow organs, including blood vessels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biocompatible contactless electrically responsive hydrogel‐based force maker

Shklyar

Orkhey

Сафронов

et al. 2020

Polymer International

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We present a biocompatible contactless gel actuator based on poly(methacrylic acid) with magnesium counterions (MgPMA) that, being placed in sodium chloride solution, is able to generate a high value of active mechanical force in a DC electric field. Force generation of the gel goes simultaneously with its swelling due to the osmotic pressure provided by the ionic exchange in the MgPMA polyelectrolyte matrix induced by the electric current. An increase in the charge density of the polymeric network enhances the mechanical stiffness of the gel, which provides negative feedback to force generation. The extent of such influence depends on the networking density of the gel matrix. As a result, soft MgPMA gels with low networking density show higher level of force generation than dense gels with high networking density. It is shown that cylindrical gel samples of ca 8 mm in length and ca 11 mm in diameter immersed in NaCl solution some distance apart from platinum electrodes are able to exert a force of up to 0.4 N in a DC electric field for a constant length of sample with a rate of ca 1.0 mN per second on average.

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Mechanics of controlled release of insulin entrapped in polyacrylic acid gels via variable electrical stimuli

Cited by 17 publications

References 41 publications

Gels for constant and smart delivery of insulin

Gels for constant and smart delivery of insulin

Synthesis and characterization of thermosensitive hydrogel based on quaternized chitosan for intranasal delivery of insulin

Biocompatible contactless electrically responsive hydrogel‐based force maker

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