Mechanically Driven Solidly Mounted Resonator‐Based Nanoelectromechanical Systems Magnetoelectric Antennas

Abstract

The miniaturization of antennas has been a significant challenge in the field of electronics and telecommunications. In recent years, mechanically driven thin‐film bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR) magnetoelectric (ME) antennas have emerged as a promising solution, demonstrating superior miniaturization capabilities compared to conventional state‐of‐the‐art compact antennas. While nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) FBAR ME antennas exhibit high miniaturization potential, their suspended thin‐film heterostructures render them fragile and exhibit low power handling capabilities. The findings demonstrate that solidly mounted resonator (SMR) NEMS ME antennas on a Bragg acoustic resonant reflector offer a compelling solution. With a circular resonating disk of 200 μm diameter operating at 1.75 GHz, these SMR‐based antennas display a high antenna gain of −18.8 dBi and a 1 dB compression point (P1dB) of 30.4 dBm. Compared to same‐size FBAR ME antennas with a free‐standing membrane, SMR‐based antennas exhibit significantly higher structural stability and 23.3 dB stronger power handling capability, in addition to easier fabrication processes. The compatibility of the simple fabrication processes with complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor technology, along with the dramatic miniaturization, high power handling, robust mechanical properties, and much higher antenna radiation gain, make these SMR‐based ME antennas a promising candidate for future antenna systems.

Low-Frequency and High-Sensitivity PVDF/Metglas Magnetoelectric Sensor Based on Bending Vibration Mode

“…For instance, underwater and underground communications in different countries, as well as long-wave radio transmissions, predominantly operate within the very low-frequency (VLF) band, spanning a frequency range of 3–30 kHz . Furthermore, the magnetic signals emitted by the human body are significantly weaker than those used in underground communications (∼pT), and they operate at extremely low frequencies (∼Hz). , Consequently, researchers have endeavored to develop highly sensitive sensors specifically tailored for low-frequency applications to meet societal demands, including superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID), giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensors, tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) sensors, ME sensors, Delta-E-Effect sensors, and surface acoustic wave sensors. − Among them, ME magnetic sensors are easy to fabricate and have become a popular field for low-frequency magnetic sensors.…”

A Combined Magnetoelectric Sensor Array and MRI-Based Human Head Model for Biomagnetic FEM Simulation and Sensor Crosstalk Analysis

“…Even outside the scope of biomagnetic sensing, ME devices have the potential for a variety of applications, such as energy-efficient memory [ 15 , 16 ], antennas and energy harvesting [ 17 , 18 ], electric current sensing [ 19 ], and automotive applications [ 20 ]. Lastly, as opposed to many other magnetic sensing systems, ME sensors also offer the potential for room-temperature, passive and unshielded operation [ 9 , 21 ].…”