Mechanical vibration transmission and harvesting effectiveness is affected by the presence of branch suckers in olive trees

Tombesi, Sergio; Poni, Stefano; Palliotti, Alberto; Farinelli, Daniela

doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2017.03.010

Cited by 32 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…For all studied orchards, the orchard canopy volume was below optimal values so it might be advisable to increase orchard canopy volume to increase OAY, although in some cases, vigorous trees may decrease harvesting performance reducing olive orchard profitability [ 21 ]. Similarly, it is important to choose when and how to perform the pruning according to the harvesting method to enhance the harvest effectiveness based on the branches’ vibrations [ 22 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olive Actual “on Year” Yield Forecast Tool Based on the Tree Canopy Geometry Using UAS Imagery

Sola-Guirado

Castillo-Ruiz

Jiménez-Jiménez

et al. 2017

Sensors

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Olive has a notable importance in countries of Mediterranean basin and its profitability depends on several factors such as actual yield, production cost or product price. Actual "on year" Yield (AY) is production (kg tree −1 ) in "on years", and this research attempts to relate it with geometrical parameters of the tree canopy. Regression equation to forecast AY based on manual canopy volume was determined based on data acquired from different orchard categories and cultivars during different harvesting seasons in southern Spain. Orthoimages were acquired with unmanned aerial systems (UAS) imagery calculating individual crown for relating to canopy volume and AY. Yield levels did not vary between orchard categories; however, it did between irrigated orchards (7000-17,000 kg ha −1 ) and rainfed ones (4000-7000 kg ha −1 ). After that, manual canopy volume was related with the individual crown area of trees that were calculated by orthoimages acquired with UAS imagery. Finally, AY was forecasted using both manual canopy volume and individual tree crown area as main factors for olive productivity. AY forecast only by using individual crown area made it possible to get a simple and cheap forecast tool for a wide range of olive orchards. Finally, the acquired information was introduced in a thematic map describing spatial AY variability obtained from orthoimage analysis that may be a powerful tool for farmers, insurance systems, market forecasts or to detect agronomical problems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olive Actual “on Year” Yield Forecast Tool Based on the Tree Canopy Geometry Using UAS Imagery

Sola-Guirado

Castillo-Ruiz

Jiménez-Jiménez

et al. 2017

Sensors

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“…Harvesting efficiency depends on several factors such as shaking frequency (Leone et al, 2015;Tombesi et al, 2017), abscission agent application (Sessiz & Özcan, 2006), tree features (Farinelli et al, 2012a), time, and harvesting date (Castro-Garcia et al, 2015). Different shaking technologies and vibration patterns could be applied to olive harvesting with similar final results (Sola- Guirado et al, 2014).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each harvesting machine can cause a different stalk twisting angle depending on the machine-tree interactions (Tombesi et al, 2017). Once mean twisting angle is known, it would be possible to get more reliable estimation of expected harvesting efficiency on the base of FDF and FDF/FW ratio at the expected stalk twisting interval.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Olive fruit detachment force against pulling and torsional stress

Castillo-Ruiz¹,

Tombesi²,

Farinelli³

2018

Span. j. agric. res.

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Olive harvesting often requires high hand labour, considering that workers, with long poles or hand held devices, aid trunk shaker due to low harvesting efficiency. Currently, fruit detachment force (FDF) and fruit fresh weight were used to predict harvesting efficiency, although during harvesting process, fruit is subjected to bending and twisting movement besides pulling forces simulated by FDF measurements. For these reasons, the aim of the present study was to determine FDF evolution under different stalk twisting angles. In order to provide more information about mechanical behaviour of olive stalk, a trial was carried out during ripening process on four olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars: Frantoio, Arbequina, Leccino and Maurino. FDF under traction force was measured after applying different stalk twisting angles (0°, 90°, 180°, 270°, 360°, 540°, 720º). FDF was considered to be 0 when fruit was detached from the bearing branch during the twisting process. Fruit weight, firmness, ripeness index and oil content were also measured to determine the optimal period for olive harvesting and olive ripening stage at each sampling date. FDF was significantly reduced, usually over 180º, when stalk was rotated before applying the pull force to measure FDF, keeping differences along fruit ripening process. Moreover, stalk twisting was an important variable for olive detachment, considering that fruits detached without pulling forces varied between 10.7 and 58.8% of the total fruits according with the different sampling dates. For these reasons, present and future harvesting systems, should take advantage of stalk susceptibility against torsion or bending strain to increase harvesting efficiency.Additional keywords: fruit retention force; olive harvesting; stalk twisting; stalk spinning; fruit rotation; trunk shaker; fruit physics. Abbreviations used: DOY (day of year according to National Snow and Data Center -NSIDC-, from 1 to 365 or 366 in a leap year); FDF (fruit detachment force, this value represents the pulling force at which fruit was detached from bearing branches); FW (fruit fresh weight).

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“…A fundamental principle should be applied in mechanized harvesting to achieve the selective detachment of fruits by vibration. It involves transmitting motion to the fruits until the inertial force exceeds the bonding strength between the fruit and the pedicel-peduncle interface [7]. However, the challenge is more complicated if only ripe fruits should be selectively detached.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finite Element Analysis of Coffea arabica L. var. Colombia Fruits for Selective Detachment Using Forced Vibrations

Tinoco

Peña

2018

Vibration

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This study provides a forced vibration analysis to evaluate the stresses at the pedicel interfaces of the fruit-peduncle system of Coffea arabica L. var. Colombia by means of finite element analysis. The real topology of the fruit-peduncle system was developed from a proposed numerical procedure to complete a dynamic analysis. The Young’s modulus of the fruit was approximated from firmness indices for all stages of ripening. Numerical computations were performed in the frequency range of 0 to 400 Hz and three vibration modes were identified in this bandwidth. Results show that the second natural frequency (128 Hz) is acceptable for stimulating the detachment of ripe fruits because the fruit-pedicel-peduncle system induces bending in the fruit interface. As a final conclusion, we determine that dynamic excitations between 120 and 150 Hz could permit selective stimulus of ripe fruits, since other ripening stages were not stimulated in this frequency range.

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Mechanical vibration transmission and harvesting effectiveness is affected by the presence of branch suckers in olive trees

Cited by 32 publications

References 16 publications

Olive Actual “on Year” Yield Forecast Tool Based on the Tree Canopy Geometry Using UAS Imagery

Olive Actual “on Year” Yield Forecast Tool Based on the Tree Canopy Geometry Using UAS Imagery

Olive fruit detachment force against pulling and torsional stress

Finite Element Analysis of Coffea arabica L. var. Colombia Fruits for Selective Detachment Using Forced Vibrations

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