Mechanical Testing of Mouse Carotid Arteries: from Newborn to Adult

Amin, Mazyar; Le, Victoria; Wagenseil, Jessica E.

doi:10.3791/3733

Cited by 25 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Biaxial mechanical tests were performed as previously described (Amin et al 2012). The carotid artery was mounted in the myograph at the unloaded length and stretched axially to

λ_{z}^{i v}

.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical buckling pressure in mouse carotid arteries with altered elastic fibers

Luetkemeyer

James

Devarakonda

et al. 2015

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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Arteries can buckle axially under applied critical buckling pressure due to a mechanical instability. Buckling can cause arterial tortuosity leading to flow irregularities and stroke. Genetic mutations in elastic fiber proteins are associated with arterial tortuosity in humans and mice, and may be the result of alterations in critical buckling pressure. Hence, the objective of this study is to investigate how genetic defects in elastic fibers affect buckling pressure. We use mouse models of human disease with reduced amounts of elastin (Eln+/−) and with defects in elastic fiber assembly due to the absence of fibulin-5 (Fbln5−/−). We find that Eln+/− arteries have reduced buckling pressure compared to their wild-type controls. Fbln5−/− arteries have similar buckling pressure to wild-type at low axial stretch, but increased buckling pressure at high stretch. We fit material parameters to mechanical test data for Eln+/−, Fbln5−/− and wild-type arteries using Fung and four-fiber strain energy functions. Fitted parameters are used to predict theoretical buckling pressure based on equilibrium of an inflated, buckled, thick-walled cylinder. In general, the theoretical predictions underestimate the buckling pressure at low axial stretch and overestimate the buckling pressure at high stretch. The theoretical predictions with both models replicate the increased buckling pressure at high stretch for Fbln5−/− arteries, but the four-fiber model predictions best match the experimental trends in buckling pressure changes with axial stretch. This study provides experimental and theoretical methods for further investigating the influence of genetic mutations in elastic fibers on buckling behavior and the development of arterial tortuosity.

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“…Biaxial mechanical tests were performed as previously described (Amin et al 2012). The carotid artery was mounted in the myograph at the unloaded length and stretched axially to

λ_{z}^{i v}

.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical buckling pressure in mouse carotid arteries with altered elastic fibers

Luetkemeyer

James

Devarakonda

et al. 2015

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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“…The aortas were stored in PSS (22) at 4°C for up to 3 days (4) before testing. Inflation tests were performed using a Myograph 110P (Danish Myotechnology) for the proximal sections of AAs or DAs, as previously described (5). The aorta was mounted on cannulae in a 37°C PSS bath and secured with 11-0 suture.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in genetic signaling, and not mechanical properties of the wall, are linked to ascending aortic aneurysms in fibulin-4 knockout mice

Kim

Procknow

Yanagisawa

et al. 2015

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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“…Even though our ex vivo AFM measurements of arterial stiffness appear to agree well with molecular markers of smooth muscle cell stiffening 2 , it is important to realize that these arterial samples are not mechanically loaded, and mechanical load is likely to play an important role in overall arterial mechanics. Comparisons of arterial stiffness as determined by AFM, myography (an ex vivo method compatible with mechanical loading) 28 and pulse-wave velocity (an in vivo measurement of arterial stiffness) 29 will likely provide the most comprehensive understanding of arterial mechanics.…”

Section: Representative Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the Stiffness of <em>Ex Vivo</em> Mouse Aortas Using Atomic Force Microscopy

Bae

Liu

Byfield

et al. 2016

JoVE

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Arterial stiffening is a significant risk factor and biomarker for cardiovascular disease and a hallmark of aging. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a versatile analytical tool for characterizing viscoelastic mechanical properties for a variety of materials ranging from hard (plastic, glass, metal, etc.) surfaces to cells on any substrate. It has been widely used to measure the stiffness of cells, but less frequently used to measure the stiffness of aortas. In this paper, we will describe the procedures for using AFM in contact mode to measure the ex vivo elastic modulus of unloaded mouse arteries. We describe our procedure for isolation of mouse aortas, and then provide detailed information for the AFM analysis. This includes step-by-step instructions for alignment of the laser beam, calibration of the spring constant and deflection sensitivity of the AFM probe, and acquisition of force curves. We also provide a detailed protocol for data analysis of the force curves.

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Mechanical Testing of Mouse Carotid Arteries: from Newborn to Adult

Abstract: The large conducting arteries in vertebrates are composed of a specialized extracellular matrix designed to provide pulse dampening and reduce the work performed by the heart. The mix of matrix proteins determines the passive mechanical properties of the arterial wall 1

Cited by 25 publications

References 19 publications

Critical buckling pressure in mouse carotid arteries with altered elastic fibers

Critical buckling pressure in mouse carotid arteries with altered elastic fibers

Differences in genetic signaling, and not mechanical properties of the wall, are linked to ascending aortic aneurysms in fibulin-4 knockout mice

Measuring the Stiffness of <em>Ex Vivo</em> Mouse Aortas Using Atomic Force Microscopy

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