“…The concept of surface stress has been adopted to interpret the size effects on mechanical properties such as elastic modulus (Cuenot et al, 2004, Jing et al, 2006, Possion's Ratio (Dingreville et al, 2005), effective stiffness (Miller and Shenoy, 2000) and resonant properties (Park andKlein, 2008, Yi andDuan, 2009). In crystalline metals, the influences of surface stress on yield behaviors , Gioia and Dai, 2006, Zhang et al, 2008, Yang et al, 2009, Farkas et al, 2013, phase transformation (Diao et al, 2003), shape memory effect and pseudo-elastic behavior (Liang and Zhou, 2006) have been well documented. Our atomistic simulations have provided important insights that the SZTs always nucleate from free surface at the initial yielding, and the plastic deformation is homogeneous due to the uniform distribution of STZs in the nanowires.…”