Mechanical recycling of plastic packaging waste

Luijsterburg, BJ Benny

doi:10.6100/ir783771

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Degradation is caused by elevated temperature in the extruder, with the presence of oxygen yielding free radicals that initiate chain sessions. Moreover, some plastics are not compatible with each other, and the presence of contaminants in the recycled stream can be detrimental to final product properties [34]. When plastic properties are affected due to the recycling process, the only option is to utilize it in low-requirement applications, which is known as downgrading [58].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Moving from Linear to Circular Economy in Saudi Arabia: Life-Cycle Assessment on Plastic Waste Management

Almadhi,

Abdelhadi,

Alyamani

2023

Sustainability

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The discovery of plastic caused a true transformation in human lives and it is used in many essential applications. Despite its significance, humanity struggles to control plastic waste and stop its infiltration into the natural environment. This study aims to review the existing waste management system in Saudi Arabia and evaluate environmental impacts of different plastic waste management scenarios by conducting a life-cycle assessment (LCA). This study covered five scenarios: landfill, incineration with energy recovery, mechanical recycling with incineration of residuals, pyrolysis with incineration of residuals, and combined mechanical recycling and pyrolysis with incineration of residuals. For all scenarios in this study, the CML-IA Baseline method was used, utilizing OpenLCA software. Sources of data for this study were obtained from the Ecoinvent 3.9.1 database and from published peer-reviewed reports. The LCA study revealed that the combined mechanical recycling and pyrolysis with incineration of residuals scenario has the lowest environmental impact. Additionally, the combined scenario can accept a broader range of plastic waste, which improves the overall waste management system towards shifting to circular economy. Therefore, to meet the various recycling requirements, it is recommended to establish a portfolio of plastic waste management techniques in Saudi Arabia to produce high-quality recycled products. It is also recommended to utilize renewable energy for electricity generation in Saudi Arabia, since it was shown in this study that it has a significant positive environmental impact across all impact categories.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plastic converters could mix virgin plastic with recycled plastic of different proportions. However, the main challenges of this approach reported in the literature include the deterioration of final product properties, contaminations, and toxicity [34]. The third phase is consumer usage of plastics.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moving from Linear to Circular Economy in Saudi Arabia: Life-Cycle Assessment on Plastic Waste Management

Almadhi,

Abdelhadi,

Alyamani

2023

Sustainability

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“…Closed loop, or bottle-to-bottle, entails reusing post-consumer waste within the same system. Open loop recycling, on the other hand, incorporates recycled material into different product systems, like bottle-to-fiber recycling [37][38][39][40][41][42][43].…”

Section: Recycled Polyestermentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Fibres for Textile Industry

2023

International Conference on Innovative Academic Studies

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Sustainable fibers are at the forefront of a global shift towards more environmentally conscious and responsible practices within the textile and fashion industries. These fibers are sourced and produced with the goal of minimizing their ecological impact, conserving resources, and promoting ethical labor practices. Sustainable fibres are generally examined in three categories; Natural fibers with high biodegradability, regenerated fibers such as Tencel and Modal and finally recyled fibers such as recycled pet and recycled poliamid which are derived from post-consumer waste reducing the need for virgin materials. This study has been conducted in order to give a brief summarization about the latest sustainable textile fibres and their advantages with the manner of sustainable textile production. Some textile companies that has just newly developed their branded sustainable fibre were also mentioned within the study to give special examples.

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“…Most of the time the processing is done at the processing temperature of the component with the highest melting point, but this can lead to degradation of a polymer with lower melting points. In addition, mechanical recycling of mixed polymers leads to blend formation, and depending on the miscibility of and compatibility between the polymers, these blends can exhibit synergistic or antagonistic behavior. , Although a range of compatibilizers have been tested and are already commercially available, with others under development based on technology developed at the University of Warwick, the industry prefers a clean, single material stream, as it has a higher value and a broader application range. This would require better separation techniques or a limitation on the selection of materials used in a single package.…”

Section: Polymer Loopmentioning

confidence: 99%

100th Anniversary of Macromolecular Science Viewpoint: Needs for Plastics Packaging Circularity

Billiet¹,

Trenor

2020

ACS Macro Lett.

112

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Plastic packaging has gained an increasing amount of attention in all aspects of society. Over the past several decades, plastics became the material of choice due to their excellent properties, performance, and economics, but the end of life of plastics is not well managed. This has led to plastic waste in our environment, especially the oceans, rivers, and estuaries, driving legislative, industrial, and voluntary initiatives to make the necessary pivot to circularity. While the plastics recycling industry has made many advances in its relatively short life, there are still many technical and societal hurdles to be overcome. The goal of this work is not to provide a complete review of recycling as it pertains to circularity, but rather to highlight the technical gaps that need to be collaboratively addressed by the entire plastics community to achieve circularity. Each stage along the path, from design of packaging and materials of construction to sortation, recycling, and reprocessing are ripe for innovation. The most relevant issues are introduced to provide a starting point for research across all fields of polymer science to aid in reducing the environmental impact of plastic packaging waste.

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Mechanical recycling of plastic packaging waste

Cited by 5 publications

References 1 publication

Moving from Linear to Circular Economy in Saudi Arabia: Life-Cycle Assessment on Plastic Waste Management

Moving from Linear to Circular Economy in Saudi Arabia: Life-Cycle Assessment on Plastic Waste Management

Sustainable Fibres for Textile Industry

100th Anniversary of Macromolecular Science Viewpoint: Needs for Plastics Packaging Circularity

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