Mechanical Properties of Trabecular Bone from the Proximal Femur

Lotz, Jeffrey C.; Gerhart, Tobin N.; Hayes, Wilson C.

doi:10.1097/00004728-199001000-00020

Cited by 254 publications

(127 citation statements)

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“…The elastic modulus of bone can be approximated using its mineral density (Fig. 8) (Krischak et al, 1999;Lang et al, 1988;Lotz, Gerhart & Hayes, 1990;Wachter et al, 2001;Wachter et al, 2002).…”

Section: Bone Morphometry 3d Rendering and Solid Modelling For Feamentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthodontic mechanotransduction and the role of the P2X7 receptor

Viecilli

Katona

Chen

et al. 2009

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics

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DEDICATIONTo my parents, who have supported my education. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTSOne of the most important things I have learned during my PhD is the necessity of the existence of a working network of people that can help you achieve your goals. The more effectively this network functions, the higher the chance you will achieve the goals quickly.I would first like to thank my parents, who have unconditionally supported my decision to abandon a profitable private practice in Orthodontics, and return to humble student conditions while aiming for a full time academic career.I also thank my girlfriend Laura Kruter who has (almost always) been ok with my, some might say, not very sane ideas. Sometimes they do turn out fine, though (like this "PhD" one).I can hardly think of anyone else that could have complemented my work and ideas during this Program as well as Dr. Thomas Katona. While I was passionately conditioned to an idea, he was always rational and careful. While I was sometimes furious with a shortcoming, he was always temperate and humorous. When I ran into his office with some news about a project, he would always listen and almost never seem too busy to see me. While I was working and something went wrong, he would listen and wonder with me about the "whys" and "hows", instead of telling me what to do or express disappointment. He was even subject to some of my home culinary experiments. I was extremely fortunate to find someone that thought about science the same way I did, and that actually helped me with my project instead of just telling me what to do. I felt like we worked as a team, and that helped to increase my motivation during my studies. The third part of this project tested the role of the P2X7 receptor in the dentoalveolar morphology of C57B/6 mice. P2X7R KO (knockout) mice were compared to C57B/6 WT to identify differences in a maxillary molar and bone. Tooth dimensions viii were measured and 3D bone morphometry was conducted. No statistically significant differences were found between the two mouse types. P2X7R does not have a major effect on alveolar bone or tooth morphology.The final part examines the role of the P2X7 receptor in a controlled biomechanical model. Orthodontic mechanotransduction was compared in wild-type (WT) and P2X7R knock-out (KO) mice. Using Finite Element Analysis, mouse mechanics were scaled to produce typical human stress levels. Relationships between the biological responses and the calculated stresses were statistically tested and compared.There were direct relationships between certain stress magnitudes and root resorption and bone formation. Hyalinization and root and bone resorption were different in WT and KO. Orthodontic responses are related to the principal stress patterns in the PDL and the P2X7 receptor plays a significant role in their mechanotransduction.

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Section: Bone Morphometry 3d Rendering and Solid Modelling For Feamentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthodontic mechanotransduction and the role of the P2X7 receptor

Viecilli

Katona

Chen

et al. 2009

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics

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“…Unlike previous empirical studies (181,186,220), the optimized trabecular bone densityelasticity equation from the piecewise relationship of the present study was linear (Etrab = 6.01ρapp). Metatarsals in this study were subjected to cantilever bending, in which the highest stresses would be expected to occur at the cortical bone surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…For inhomogeneous material properties, the elastic modulus is typically estimated using empirical equations that relate the bone density to modulus. Such empirical densityelasticity relationships have been identified for the human femur (102,(181)(182)(183)(184)(185), tibia (102,117,(186)(187)(188), pelvis (189), and vertebrae (102,183,(190)(191)(192). The empirical equations have been found to be site-specific (102), and equations for cortical bone are different from equations for trabecular bone within the same gross anatomical location (193).…”

Section: The Finite Element Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This particular density-elasticity equation was chosen over other empirical relationships (e.g., those from (102) and (209)), because a preliminary sensitivity analysis suggested it provided FE strain predictions on the order of those directly-measured in vivo during barefoot (7) and shod (5) and 4 (212) and ρthres was constrained to a range of 0.5 to 1.0 g/cm 3 , following the maximum trabecular bone densities in previous studies (102,181,191). For cortical bone equations, parameter a2 was indirectly calculated by setting the modulus to a value of E1.86 between 10 and 20 GPa (117,(213)(214)(215).…”

Section: Density-elasticity Equations and Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental validation of finite element predicted bone strain in the human metatarsal

Fung

Loundagin

Edwards

2017

Journal of Biomechanics

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The objective of this study was to verify and validate a finite element modeling routine for the human metatarsal, which is a common location for stress fractures. Experimental strain measurements on 33 human cadaveric metatarsals subject to cantilever bending were compared with strain predictions from finite element (FE) models generated from computed tomography images. For the material property assignment of the FE models, a published density-elasticity relationship was compared with density-elasticity equations developed using optimization techniques. The correlations between the measured and predicted and predicted strains were very high (r 2 ≥0.94) for all of the density-elasticity equations. However, the utilization of an optimized density-elasticity equation improved the accuracy of the finite element models, reducing the maximum error between measured and predicted strains by 10% to 20%. The finite element modeling routine could be used for investigating potential interventions to minimize metatarsal strains and the occurrence of metatarsal stress fractures.iii

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“…To define the mapping between density and elasticity modulus , we applied different models, namely the ones developed by Wirtz (Wirtz et al 2000), Cody (Cody et al 2000), Lotz (Lotz et al 1990), and Keller (Keller 1994). These models were established based on tests conducted at the scale of the simulated bone samples.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%