Mechanical properties of the long‐head of the biceps tendon are altered in the presence of rotator cuff tears in a rat model

Peltz, Cathryn D.; Perry, Stephanie M.; Getz, Charles L.; Soslowsky, Louis J.

doi:10.1002/jor.20770

Cited by 70 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…Patients with rotator cuff tears frequently develop long head of the biceps tendon pathology [2], which may lead to increasing pain and loss of function. Previous studies have demonstrated structural long head of the biceps tendon damage in the presence of cuff tears both clinically [13] and in a rat rotator cuff tear model [14]. Commonly, these long head of the biceps tendon symptoms persist and surgeons often will recommend arthroscopic tenodesis or tenotomy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biceps Detachment Decreases Joint Damage in a Rotator Cuff Tear Rat Model

Thomas

Reuther

Tucker

et al. 2014

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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Background Pathology in the long head of the biceps tendon often occurs in patients with rotator cuff tears. Arthroscopic tenotomy is the most common treatment. However, the role of the long head of the biceps at the shoulder and the consequences of surgical detachment on the remaining shoulder structures remain unknown. Questions/purposes We hypothesized that detachment of the long head of the biceps, in the presence of supraspinatus and infraspinatus tears, would decrease shoulder function and decrease mechanical and histologic properties of both the subscapularis tendon and the glenoid articular cartilage. Methods We detached the supraspinatus and infraspinatus or the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and long head of the biceps after 4 weeks of overuse in a rat model. Animals were gradually returned to overuse activity after detachment. At 8 weeks, the subscapularis and glenoid cartilage biomechanical and histologic properties were evaluated and compared. Results The group with the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and long head of the biceps detached had greater medial force and decreased change in propulsion, braking, and vertical force. This group also had an increased upper and lower subscapularis modulus but without any differences in glenoid cartilage modulus. Finally, this group had a significantly lower cell density in both the upper and lower subscapularis tendons, although cartilage histology was not different. Conclusions Detachment of the long head of the biceps tendon in the presence of a posterior-superior cuff tear resulted in improved shoulder function and less joint damage in this animal model. Clinical Relevance This study provides evidence in an animal model that supports the use of tenotomy for the management of long head of the biceps pathology in the presence of a two-tendon cuff tear. However, long-term clinical trials are required.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biceps Detachment Decreases Joint Damage in a Rotator Cuff Tear Rat Model

Thomas

Reuther

Tucker

et al. 2014

Clinical Orthopaedics &Amp; Related Research

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“…The linear region modulus (0.028-0.04 X 1 strain region) was calculated from the 4th cycle of each test, using the cross-sectional area calculated from the thickness measured with a custom laser device and the width between the staple grips. 26 At the peak of the 4th ramp for each test, the deformation gradient tensor (F) was calculated:…”

Section: Biaxial Mechanics Of Angle Ply Laminatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biaxial mechanics and inter‐lamellar shearing of stem‐cell seeded electrospun angle‐ply laminates for annulus fibrosus tissue engineering

Driscoll

Nakasone

Szczesny

et al. 2013

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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The annulus fibrosus (AF) of the intervertebral disk plays a critical role in vertebral load transmission that is heavily dependent on the microscale structure and composition of the tissue. With degeneration, both structure and composition are compromised, resulting in a loss of AF mechanical function. Numerous tissue engineering strategies have addressed the issue of AF degeneration, but few have focused on recapitulation of AF microstructure and function. One approach that allows for generation of engineered AF with appropriate (þ/À)308 lamellar microstructure is the use of aligned electrospun scaffolds seeded with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and assembled into angle-ply laminates (APL). Previous work indicates that opposing lamellar orientation is necessary for development of near native uniaxial tensile properties. However, most native AF tensile loads are applied biaxially, as the disk is subjected to multi-axial loads and is constrained by its attachments to the vertebral bodies. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the biaxial mechanical response of engineered AF bilayers, and to determine the importance of opposing lamellar structure under this loading regime. Opposing bilayers, which replicate native AF structure, showed a significantly higher modulus in both testing directions compared to parallel bilayers, and reached $60% of native AF biaxial properties. Associated with this increase in biaxial properties, significantly less shear, and significantly higher stretch in the fiber direction, was observed. These results provide additional insight into native tissue structure-function relationships, as well as new benchmarks for engineering functional AF tissue constructs. ß

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“…Before testing, cross-sectional area was determined at four locations along the length of each sample with a custom laser-LVDT measurement system. 48 Testing was performed with an Instron 5848 Microtester (Instron, Canton, MA). After a 0.1N preload for 60 s to remove slack, gauge length was noted, and samples were extended to failure at a rate of 0.1% of the gauge length per second.…”

Section: Mechanical Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Tensile Loading Improves the Functional Properties of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Laden Nanofiber-Based Fibrocartilage

Baker

Shah

Huang

et al. 2011

Tissue Engineering Part A

114

103

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Fibrocartilaginous tissues such as the meniscus serve critical load-bearing roles, relying on arrays of collagen fibers to resist tensile loads experienced with normal activity. As these structures are frequently injured and possess limited healing capacity, there exists great demand for tissue-engineered replacements. Toward recreating the structural features of these anisotropic tissues in vitro, we employ scaffolds composed of co-aligned nanofibers that direct mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) orientation and the formation of organized extracellular matrix (ECM). Concomitant with ECM synthesis, the mechanical properties of constructs increase with freeswelling culture, but ultimately failed to achieve equivalence with meniscal fibrocartilage. As mechanical forces are essential to the development and maintenance of musculoskeletal tissues, this work examined the effect of cyclic tensile loading on MSC-laden nanofibrous constructs. We hypothesized that loading would modulate the transcriptional behavior of MSCs, spur the deposition of ECM, and lead to enhancements in construct mechanical properties compared to free-swelling controls. Fiber-aligned scaffolds were seeded with MSCs and dynamically loaded daily in tension or maintained as nonloaded controls for 4 weeks. With mechanical stimulation, fibrous gene expression increased, collagen deposition increased, and the tensile modulus increased by 16% relative to controls. These results show that dynamic tensile loading enhances the maturation of MSC-laden aligned nanofibrous constructs, suggesting that recapitulation of the structural and mechanical environment of load-bearing tissues results in increases in functional properties that can be exploited for tissue engineering applications.

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Mechanical properties of the long‐head of the biceps tendon are altered in the presence of rotator cuff tears in a rat model

Cited by 70 publications

References 9 publications

Biceps Detachment Decreases Joint Damage in a Rotator Cuff Tear Rat Model

Biceps Detachment Decreases Joint Damage in a Rotator Cuff Tear Rat Model

Biaxial mechanics and inter‐lamellar shearing of stem‐cell seeded electrospun angle‐ply laminates for annulus fibrosus tissue engineering

Dynamic Tensile Loading Improves the Functional Properties of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Laden Nanofiber-Based Fibrocartilage

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