Mechanical properties of seasonally frozen and permafrost soils at high strain rate

Characterization of the Physical Properties of Frozen Soil under Varying Ice Content

“…field, in situ values were about 3.5 times lower than the Young's modulus needed to match modeled soil deformation to experimental data using a linear elastic Parker et al's (2009). values are in better agreement withYang et al (2015).…”

“…Simonsen et al (2002) report values of resilient modulus spanning almost 3 orders of magnitude over temperatures from 0 to -10 °C (from approximately 40 to 40000 MPa) for New Hampshire soils. Both Yang et al (2015) and Simonsen et al (2002) Table 2). Table 2, as well as values calculated using equation [3] with soil properties found in Table 1 for USCS soil types SM, ML, and CL, similar to what is presented in Figure 1.…”

“…For these test, there was much more scatter in the data, and the measured Young's modulus was an order of magnitude higher (0.1 to 14 GPa), than the highest values being measured with the split Hopkinson pressure bar tests. Ge et al (2013) and Yang et al (2015) report Young's moduli values ranging from 2454 to 8891 MPa over temperatures from -0.7 to -11.6 °C from unconfined compression (strain rate of 0.1 %/s) testing of cores taken from ice-rich field permafrost (silt) and seasonally frozen ground (sandy organic silt or peat) with ice saturation greater than 98% in all but one sample (θ i ≥ 62 %). These ice contents are much higher than those measured by Shoop et al (2010).…”

“…In Figure 1, Equation [2] is plotted using the values in Table 1 for the SM, ML, and CL soil types (lines) along with data from Shoop et al (2010) (red, blue, green points) and Yang et al (2015) (light blue, pink points). To plot the measured data reported by Shoop (2010), we used the reported bulk densities and water contents assuming a soil specific gravity of 2.67.…”

“…This is what is reported in Table 2. For the Yang et al (2015) data, we used the reported densities, degree of ice saturation, and specific gravity. The degree of ice saturation ranged from 81 to 100%.…”