Mechanical properties of PLA-based composites for fused deposition modeling technology

Lebedev, S.M.; Gefle, O.S.; Amitov, E. T.; Zhuravlev, Denis; Berchuk, D.; Mikutskiy, E. A.

doi:10.1007/s00170-018-1953-6

Cited by 63 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The most popular PMCs are micro- or nano-particle reinforced composites, metal particle reinforced composites and short or continuous fibre-reinforced composites [ 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 ]. By adding metal particles such as iron, copper, stainless-steel, titanium or nanoparticles such as carbon nanotubes, graphene or graphite to the polymer, a high-performance composite with embedded thermal, electrical, optical and excellent mechanical properties could be developed [ 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 ].…”

Section: Fibre-reinforced Composite Printingmentioning

confidence: 99%

FDM-Based 3D Printing of Polymer and Associated Composite: A Review on Mechanical Properties, Defects and Treatments

2020

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Fused deposition modelling (FDM) is one of the fastest-growing additive manufacturing methods used in printing fibre-reinforced composites (FRC). The performances of the resulting printed parts are limited compared to those by other manufacturing methods due to their inherent defects. Hence, the effort to develop treatment methods to overcome these drawbacks has accelerated during the past few years. The main focus of this study is to review the impact of those defects on the mechanical performance of FRC and therefore to discuss the available treatment methods to eliminate or minimize them in order to enhance the functional properties of the printed parts. As FRC is a combination of polymer matrix material and continuous or short reinforcing fibres, this review will thoroughly discuss both thermoplastic polymers and FRCs printed via FDM technology, including the effect of printing parameters such as layer thickness, infill pattern, raster angle and fibre orientation. The most common defects on printed parts, in particular, the void formation, surface roughness and poor bonding between fibre and matrix, are explored. An inclusive discussion on the effectiveness of chemical, laser, heat and ultrasound treatments to minimize these drawbacks is provided by this review.

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Section: Fibre-reinforced Composite Printingmentioning

confidence: 99%

FDM-Based 3D Printing of Polymer and Associated Composite: A Review on Mechanical Properties, Defects and Treatments

2020

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“…Step 8: Calculate the relative closeness (R-Ci) or "MCS" of all alternatives (experiments) representing the ideal solution by Equation (11):…”

Section: Equal Weights Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[10] Further, the 3D printing of a PLA-based scaffold system has achieved maximum compressive strength (CS) at 100% infill speed, 50 mm/min infill speed, and three numbers of external perimeters. [11] It has been ascertained that PLA mixed with 5% wt/vol hydrogel concentration has given stable results of rheology and minimum changes of pH value over scaffolds degradation, promised a good scaffolds for implantation. [12] The surface entrapment of chitosan up to a depth of 24 μm on PLA/HA composite is a promising method for fabrication of anticytotoxic human fibroblast cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of three‐dimensional printed thermal‐stimulus polylactic acid‐hydroxyapatite‐based shape memory scaffolds

Singh

Prakash

et al. 2020

Polymer Composites

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The shape memory polymers have attained huge attention as smart materials owing to their enormous benefits in the context of the common class of thermoplastics. In this study, novel thermal‐stimulus‐based hydroxyapatite (HA) reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) scaffolds have been developed through three‐dimensional (3D) printing technology. Initially, the effect of various processing parameters, such as the proportion of HA in PLA and infill density, and level of stimulating temperature, on tensile, flexural, and compression strength of the developed composite scaffolds have been studied to understand their effects, through statistically assisted single and multiobjective optimization techniques. The shape recovery factor of the prestrained composite scaffolds has been assessed by providing thermal‐stimulus. Finally, the biological performance of the developed scaffolds has been evaluated through in vitro cell culture and wettability analysis. The morphological study of the composite scaffolds, at different stages, has been performed for understanding the effect of processing parameters on the mechanical, shape recovery effect, and biological responses. Overall, the results of the study highlighted that the 3D printed scaffolds possessed nearly 95.77% shape memory effect along with desirable mechanical, in vitro biocompatibility, and hydrophilic morphology suitable to be a potential candidate of fabricating customized biomedical devices with activated shape recovery abilities.

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“…4 Finally, mechanical properties of the finished parts largely depend on the interfacial adhesion between two neighboring layers. 5,6…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Poly(butylene succinate)/Polylactide Blends for Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printing

Ouyang

Guo

2018

ACS Omega

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To obtain a new type of biodegradable material with high toughness and strength used for fused deposition modeling (FDM) printing, a series of poly(butylene succinate) (PBS)-based polymer materials was prepared via blending with polylactide (PLA). The rheological, thermal, and mechanical properties as well as FDM printing performances of the blends, such as distortion, cross section, and the interlayer bond strength, were characterized. The results show that with increasing PLA content, the blends possess higher melt viscosity, larger tensile strength, and modulus, which are more suitable for FDM printing. Especially, when the content of PLA is more than 40%, distortion due to residual stress caused by volume shrinkage disappears during the printing process and thus products with good dimensional accuracy and pearl-like gloss are obtained. The results demonstrate that the blend compositions with moderate viscosity, low degree of crystallinity, and high modulus are more suitable for FDM printing. Compared with the low elongation upon breaking of commercially FDM-printed material, the PBS/PLA blend materials exhibit a typical ductile behavior with elongation of 90–300%. Therefore, besides biodegradability, the PBS/PLA blends present excellent mechanical properties and suitability as materials for FDM printing. In addition, our study is expected to provide methods for valuating the suitability of whether a thermoplastic polymer material is suitable for FDM printing or not.

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Mechanical properties of PLA-based composites for fused deposition modeling technology

Cited by 63 publications

References 16 publications

FDM-Based 3D Printing of Polymer and Associated Composite: A Review on Mechanical Properties, Defects and Treatments

FDM-Based 3D Printing of Polymer and Associated Composite: A Review on Mechanical Properties, Defects and Treatments

Characterization of three‐dimensional printed thermal‐stimulus polylactic acid‐hydroxyapatite‐based shape memory scaffolds

Preparation and Characterization of Poly(butylene succinate)/Polylactide Blends for Fused Deposition Modeling 3D Printing

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