Mechanical properties of magnesium alloys for medical application: A review

Chen, Junxiu; Tan, Lili; Yu, Xiaoming; Etim, Iniobong P.; Ibrahim, Mohammed; Yang, Kè

doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.07.022

Cited by 213 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 145 publications

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“…WE43 magnesium alloy has been used in the clinic in screws [1,26,39], and most magnesium alloys are used primarily as screws for internal fracture fixation [40]. For fixation material, fundamentally, the screw needs to remain stable in the bone after osteosynthesis, and it needs to be screwed in a way that does not damage the material.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Magnesium Screws Proper for Mandibular Condyle Head Osteosynthesis?

Kozakiewicz

2020

Materials

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Recently, magnesium alloys have gained a significant amount of recognition as potential biomaterials for degradable implants for craniofacial bone screws. Purpose: The aim of this work was to compare screws made specifically for mandibular head osteosynthesis from different materials. Materials and Methods: Screws measuring 14 mm made by one manufacturer specifically for mandibular head osteosynthesis out of the following materials were selected: magnesium (MgYREZr), titanium (Ti6Al7Nb), and polymer (PLGA). The axial pull-out strength and torsional properties were investigated. Results: Each type of screw presented different pull-out forces (Kruskal–Wallis test, p < 0.001). The magnesium screw had the highest pull-out force of 399 N (cracked without the screw out being pulled out), followed by the titanium screw, with a force of 340 N, and the PLGA screw, with a force of 138 N (always cracked at the base of the screw head without the screw being pulled out). ANOVA was performed for the maximal torques before damage to the screw (torsional properties), revealing that the maximal torque of the magnesium screw was 16 N·cm, while that of the titanium screw was 19 N·cm. The magnesium screw was significantly weaker than the titanium screw (p < 0.05). The measured torque and pull-out force were not related to each other (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Among the screws compared, the metal biodegradable magnesium screw seems to be the most suitable material for multiscrew mandibular head osteosynthesis, considering the condition of the fragile screwdriver socket.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Magnesium Screws Proper for Mandibular Condyle Head Osteosynthesis?

Kozakiewicz

2020

Materials

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“…Rare-earth (RE) elements are also often added to the Mg-based alloys for better formability and strength 13 , 16 . However, besides cost, some RE alloying elements have been shown harmful to the human body 4 , 19 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Mg–Zn–Ca-based alloys, as well as those further micro-alloyed with Zr, Mn and other non-toxic elements, have received great interest as low-cost structural biocompatible materials 3 , 4 , 10 , 11 , 20 , 21 . These Mg–Zn–Ca alloys are biodegradable and moderately resistant to corrosion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare-earth- and aluminum-free, high strength dilute magnesium alloy for Biomedical Applications

Alam

Pal

Decker

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Lightweight, recyclable, and plentiful Mg alloys are receiving increased attention due to an exceptional combination of strength and ductility not possible from pure Mg. Yet, due to their alloying elements, such as rare-earths or aluminum, they are either not economical or biocompatible. Here we present a new rare-earth and aluminum-free magnesium-based alloy, with trace amounts of Zn, Ca, and Mn (≈ 2% by wt.). We show that the dilute alloy exhibits outstanding high strength and high ductility compared to other dilute Mg alloys. By direct comparison with annealed material of the same chemistry and using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM (HR-TEM) and atom probe tomography analyses, we show that the high strength can be attributed to a number of very fine, Zn/Ca-containing nanoscale precipitates, along with ultra-fine grains. These findings show that forming a hierarchy of nanometer precipitates from just miniscule amounts of solute can invoke simultaneous high strength and ductility, producing an affordable, biocompatible Mg alloy.

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“…In addition, there are indications that for the right alloy composition, microstructure and degradation rate (DR) anti‐inflammatory and to some extent antibacterial activities can be induced. Furthermore, some antitumor effect of Mg alloys was reported . In this light, developing mechanically strong Mg‐based implant materials exhibiting at the same time antitumor activity is extremely relevant for clinical oncology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxicity of biodegradable magnesium alloy WE43 to tumor cells in vitro: Bioresorbable implants with antitumor activity?

et al. 2019

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In this study, a degradable magnesium alloy WE43 (Mg–3.56%Y–2.20%Nd–0.47%Zr) was used as a research object. To refine its microstructure from the initial homogenized one, the alloy was subjected to severe plastic deformation (SPD) by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). The data presented show that coincubation of tumor LNCaP and MDA‐MB‐231 cells with the WE43 alloy in the homogenized and the ECAP‐processed states led to a decrease in their viability and proliferation. An increase in the concentration of Annexin V(+) cells during coincubation with samples in both microstructural states investigated was also observed. This is associated with the induction of apoptosis in the cell culture through contact with the samples. Concurrently, a significant drop in the concentration of Bcl‐2(+) cells occurred. It was established that ECAP led to an enhancement of the cytotoxic activity of the alloy against tumor cells. This study demonstrated that alloy WE43 can be considered as a promising candidate for application in orthopedic implants in clinical oncology, where it could play a double role of a mechanically stable, yet bioresorbable, scaffold with local antitumor activity. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 108B:167–173, 2020.

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Mechanical properties of magnesium alloys for medical application: A review

Cited by 213 publications

References 145 publications

Are Magnesium Screws Proper for Mandibular Condyle Head Osteosynthesis?

Are Magnesium Screws Proper for Mandibular Condyle Head Osteosynthesis?

Rare-earth- and aluminum-free, high strength dilute magnesium alloy for Biomedical Applications

Cytotoxicity of biodegradable magnesium alloy WE43 to tumor cells in vitro: Bioresorbable implants with antitumor activity?

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