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Abstract:In this work, henequen and ixlte plant fibers were carbonized in a horizontal quartz tube furnace. Several carbonized and non-carbonized fiber fabric configurations were impregnated with a bio-based epoxy resin through the infusion process. The infrared spectra revealed characteristic bands of styrene instead of organic compounds, representing that the carbonization procedure was adequate to carbonize the plant fibers. The porosity volume ratio for the non-carbonized henequen laminates showed the highest numbe… Show more
“…This promotes GNP aggregates increasing the brittleness of the whole composite and decreasing the thermomechanical properties. 6–8 Therefore, the leading cause of E” decrease can be associated to agglomeration effect of GNPs because agglomeration restricts the energy dissipation during viscoelastic deformation, which in turn results in a lower peak of loss modulus and declines the E” of biocomposite laminates as shown in Figure 7(c).Figure 7.Results of the dynamic mechanical properties of biocomposites with and without graphene nanoplatelets. (a) Storage modulus, (b) glass transition temperature, (c) loss modulus, (d) tan δ.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…4 The sisal fiber is one of the most popular natural fibers used for manufacturing NFRC materials due to its availability, relevant mechanical properties (around 350 MPa in tensile strength and 3.8 GPa of 'Young's modulus), and the viability of manufacturing biolaminates by using bio-based epoxy resins. 5 It is relevant to underline that the biolamiantes term refers to composite laminates where all constituents come from natural resources (natural fibers and bio-based epoxy resins [6][7][8] ). For instance, Torres-Arellano et al 6…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is relevant to underline that the biolamiantes term refers to composite laminates where all constituents come from natural resources (natural fibers and bio-based epoxy resins 6–8 ). For instance, Torres-Arellano et al 6 investigated the mechanical properties of sisal biolaminates and found that their flexural properties exhibit higher strain values.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In another work, Torres et al 7 reported the effect of zinc oxide on fracture behavior of sisal biolaminates finding that peak load in mode I increase as zinc oxide amount raises. Franco-Urquiza et al 8 reported that using carbonized plant fiber fabrics to fabricate hybrid composites could be an effective route for manufacturing lightweight biocomposites. Nevertheless, mechanical results of sisal fiber-reinforced biobased epoxy resin did not benefit from using these carbonized fibers.…”
Spray coating and vacuum-assisted resin infusion processes were implemented in this work to develop multifunctional biocomposite laminates. The biocomposites were fabricated using a bio-based epoxy resin reinforced with natural sisal fibers coated with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs). A systematic characterization of material properties was performed to evaluate the mechanical, thermomechanical, electrical, and piezoresistive behavior of biocomposites with different GNPs contents (0, 1, 4, 6, and 8 wt.%). The mechanical tests revealed that adding GNPs to biocomposites has a slight positive effect on their flexural properties compared to the neat biocomposites (without GNPs). The electrical and thermomechanical tests showed that the electrical conductivity and glass transition temperature of biocomposites containing GNPs were enhanced significantly, achieving average values of 5.19 x 10-4 S/m and 63.29°C (26%), respectively. Regarding electromechanical tests, the biocomposites with 8 wt.% GNPs exhibited an excellent piezoresistive behavior under monotonic loading conditions, achieving a gage factor (strain sensitivity) of 3.56. Bending tests with cyclic loading were also performed, and cyclic reproducibility of the piezoresistive response of the biocomposites after 10 cycles was demonstrated, evidencing that the incorporation of GNPs onto sisal fibers by spray-coating produces an effective formation of conductive networks into biocomposites suitable for sensing applications.
“…This promotes GNP aggregates increasing the brittleness of the whole composite and decreasing the thermomechanical properties. 6–8 Therefore, the leading cause of E” decrease can be associated to agglomeration effect of GNPs because agglomeration restricts the energy dissipation during viscoelastic deformation, which in turn results in a lower peak of loss modulus and declines the E” of biocomposite laminates as shown in Figure 7(c).Figure 7.Results of the dynamic mechanical properties of biocomposites with and without graphene nanoplatelets. (a) Storage modulus, (b) glass transition temperature, (c) loss modulus, (d) tan δ.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…4 The sisal fiber is one of the most popular natural fibers used for manufacturing NFRC materials due to its availability, relevant mechanical properties (around 350 MPa in tensile strength and 3.8 GPa of 'Young's modulus), and the viability of manufacturing biolaminates by using bio-based epoxy resins. 5 It is relevant to underline that the biolamiantes term refers to composite laminates where all constituents come from natural resources (natural fibers and bio-based epoxy resins [6][7][8] ). For instance, Torres-Arellano et al 6…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is relevant to underline that the biolamiantes term refers to composite laminates where all constituents come from natural resources (natural fibers and bio-based epoxy resins 6–8 ). For instance, Torres-Arellano et al 6 investigated the mechanical properties of sisal biolaminates and found that their flexural properties exhibit higher strain values.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In another work, Torres et al 7 reported the effect of zinc oxide on fracture behavior of sisal biolaminates finding that peak load in mode I increase as zinc oxide amount raises. Franco-Urquiza et al 8 reported that using carbonized plant fiber fabrics to fabricate hybrid composites could be an effective route for manufacturing lightweight biocomposites. Nevertheless, mechanical results of sisal fiber-reinforced biobased epoxy resin did not benefit from using these carbonized fibers.…”
Spray coating and vacuum-assisted resin infusion processes were implemented in this work to develop multifunctional biocomposite laminates. The biocomposites were fabricated using a bio-based epoxy resin reinforced with natural sisal fibers coated with graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs). A systematic characterization of material properties was performed to evaluate the mechanical, thermomechanical, electrical, and piezoresistive behavior of biocomposites with different GNPs contents (0, 1, 4, 6, and 8 wt.%). The mechanical tests revealed that adding GNPs to biocomposites has a slight positive effect on their flexural properties compared to the neat biocomposites (without GNPs). The electrical and thermomechanical tests showed that the electrical conductivity and glass transition temperature of biocomposites containing GNPs were enhanced significantly, achieving average values of 5.19 x 10-4 S/m and 63.29°C (26%), respectively. Regarding electromechanical tests, the biocomposites with 8 wt.% GNPs exhibited an excellent piezoresistive behavior under monotonic loading conditions, achieving a gage factor (strain sensitivity) of 3.56. Bending tests with cyclic loading were also performed, and cyclic reproducibility of the piezoresistive response of the biocomposites after 10 cycles was demonstrated, evidencing that the incorporation of GNPs onto sisal fibers by spray-coating produces an effective formation of conductive networks into biocomposites suitable for sensing applications.
“…Selective laser sintering (SLS), one of the popular processes for manufacturing polymer materials in additive manufacturing technology, has continued to receive wide attention from the community in recent years [1,2]. In the polymer additive manufacturing process, polymer/fiber composite powder materials have attracted a lot of interest from scholars because fibers can significantly enhance the mechanical properties of the matrix material [3,4].…”
In this study, for the first time, a forward-rotating roller is proposed for the spreading of CF/PA12 composite powder in the selective laser sintering (SLS) process. The mesoscopic kinetic mechanism of composite particle spreading is investigated by utilizing the “multi-spherical” element within the discrete element method (DEM). The commercial software EDEM and the open-source DEM particle simulation code LIGGGHTS-PUBLIC are used for the simulations in this work. It is found that the forward-rotating roller produces a strong compaction on the powder pile than does the conventional counter-rotating roller, thus increasing the coordination number and mass flow rate of the particle flow, which significantly improves the powder bed quality. In addition, the forward-rotating pattern generates a braking friction force on the particles in the opposite direction to their spread, which affects the particle dynamics and deposition process. Therefore, appropriately increasing the roller rotation speed to make this force comparable to the roller dragging force could result in faster deposition of the composite particles to form a stable powder bed. This mechanism allows the forward-rotating roller to maintain a good powder bed quality, even at a high spreading speed, thus providing greater potential for the industry to improve the spreading efficiency of the SLS process.
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