Mechanical properties of human skin <i>in vivo</i>: a comparative evaluation in 300 men and women

Luebberding, Stefanie; Krueger, Nils; Kerscher, Martina

doi:10.1111/srt.12094

Cited by 155 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The analysis of the skin colour revealed a significant reduction of skin luminance ( L * value) with age, which is in concordance with previous studies that reported a diminution of this parameter with age on the face of female subjects [37, 38]. An increase in skin extensibility with age was also previously shown [18, 39], which might be explained by a loss of elastic fibres and changes in the extracellular matrix during skin ageing [39]. At the same time, aged skin showed reduced elastic recovery indicating that the skin is less able to regain its original state after deformation [37].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Functional parameters like skin surface pH, stratum corneum hydration (SCH) or transepidermal water loss (TEWL) are for instance applied as markers of the status and integrity of the skin barrier [14]. During ageing skin surface pH may increase, whereas TEWL decreases [15] and structural assessments revealed rougher human skin [16, 17] and decreased biological elasticity [18]. Age-dependent changes have also been demonstrated for skin colour [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterizing Facial Skin Ageing in Humans: Disentangling Extrinsic from Intrinsic Biological Phenomena

Trojahn

Dobos

Lichterfeld

et al. 2015

BioMed Research International

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Facial skin ageing is caused by intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms. Intrinsic ageing is highly related to chronological age. Age related skin changes can be measured using clinical and biophysical methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether and how clinical characteristics and biophysical parameters are associated with each other with and without adjustment for chronological age. Twenty-four female subjects of three age groups were enrolled. Clinical assessments (global facial skin ageing, wrinkling, and sagging), and biophysical measurements (roughness, colour, skin elasticity, and barrier function) were conducted at both upper cheeks. Pearson's correlations and linear regression models adjusted for age were calculated. Most of the measured parameters were correlated with chronological age (e.g., association with wrinkle score, r = 0.901) and with each other (e.g., residual skin deformation and wrinkle score, r = 0.606). After statistical adjustment for age, only few associations remained (e.g., mean roughness (R z) and luminance (L *), β = −0.507, R 2 = 0.377). Chronological age as surrogate marker for intrinsic ageing has the most important influence on most facial skin ageing signs. Changes in skin elasticity, wrinkling, sagging, and yellowness seem to be caused by additional extrinsic ageing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Facial Skin Ageing in Humans: Disentangling Extrinsic from Intrinsic Biological Phenomena

Trojahn

Dobos

Lichterfeld

et al. 2015

BioMed Research International

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“…With age, the amount and size of fibroblasts in the dermis decreases, as does the production of ECM by fibroblasts that remain in the skin [2][3][4][5][6]. This results in changes of the skin's structure and appearance, including a marked loss of skin elasticity and recoil, increased appearance of wrinkles and facial sagging skin, especially under the eyes [7][8][9][10][11]. External influences, such as UV radiation, which may cause appearance of sunspots and uneven skin color, can also cause reduced skin elasticity, wrinkling and sagging [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facial Skin Lifting and Brightening Following Sleep on Copper Oxide Containing Pillowcases

Borkow

Elı́as

2016

Cosmetics

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Abstract:Copper plays a key role in many of the physiological processes that occur in the skin. Previously it was found that sleeping on pillowcases impregnated with microscopic copper oxide particles results in reduction of wrinkles and fine lines. In the current study, it was examined if sleeping on copper oxide impregnated pillowcases results also in skin lifting and skin brightness. A four week, double blind, randomized study was performed, during which 45 women, aged 37-54, slept on copper oxide containing pillowcases (test group, n = 23) or on control pillowcases without copper oxide (control group, n = 22). Facial and eye skin surface was measured using an F-ray 3D measurement system and surface analysis was conducted using Image-pro ® plus. Skin brightness was measured using a tristimulus colorimeter. Sleeping on the test pillowcases resulted in statistically significant skin lifting on the cheek area (p = 0.039) and eye area (p = 0.001) after four weeks of use as compared to baseline. The mean skin brightness in those sleeping on the test pillowcases increased after two (p = 0.024) and four weeks (p = 0.008). No statistically significant changes occurred during the study in the study participants using the control pillowcases. Statistically significant differences between both groups were recorded at two and four weeks for skin brightness and skin lifting, respectively. In conclusion, sleeping on copper oxide containing pillowcases results in facial skin lifting and brightness of the skin.

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“…Atrophy of the epidermis, eyelid transparency in the dermis, loss of elasticity, eyelid wrinkles [23][24][25].…”

Section: Biological Clock's Alteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Periorbital Hyperpigmentation, a Dermatologic Condition Having a Strong Geographic and Ethnic Determinism

Andrei¹,

Grujic²,

Lazãr³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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POH (Peri Orbital Hyperpigmentation) represents a minor clinical entity that attracts immense aesthetic damages and it generates social integration difficulties. This review focuses on the etiopathogenic causes of this entity, differentiating and reclassifying this defect as having, on the one hand, genetic causes of melanic hyperproduction -for Fitzpatrick cutaneous phototypes IV and V -and, on the other hand, both genetic and acquired vascular causes, in individuals with light-coloured skin phototypes. Hence, there is a big difference in the field of pathogenic treatment, for the two entities. In addition, this study notes the direct relationship between skin aging and POH, especially for aquired vascular causes. In this reasoning, other aesthetic deficiencies of the skin in the palpebral area should be also considered, like: blepharochalasis, wrinkles, the anatomical causes of the lower eyelid shading, symmetrical or asymmetric suborbital oedema. All of these issues will complicate the therapeutic decision and subsidiary, the pharmaceutical advice. In this context, the review shows the guidelines for a honest councelling of the patients, pointing the efficiency limit for the topical pharmaceutical medication (depigmentants, exfoliants) versus the necessity of minimally invasive or/ and surgical treatments (in blefarochalasis).

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Mechanical properties of human skin in vivo: a comparative evaluation in 300 men and women

Cited by 155 publications

References 31 publications

Characterizing Facial Skin Ageing in Humans: Disentangling Extrinsic from Intrinsic Biological Phenomena

Characterizing Facial Skin Ageing in Humans: Disentangling Extrinsic from Intrinsic Biological Phenomena

Facial Skin Lifting and Brightening Following Sleep on Copper Oxide Containing Pillowcases

Periorbital Hyperpigmentation, a Dermatologic Condition Having a Strong Geographic and Ethnic Determinism

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