Mechanical properties of free-standing graphene oxide

Kang, Shao-Hui; Fang, Te-Hua; Hong, Zheng-Han; Chuang, Cheng-Hsin

doi:10.1016/j.diamond.2013.06.016

Cited by 36 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…To take advantage of GO membranes, smaller size, thinner thickness, larger interspacing, holey basal plane and proper pore entrance should be deeply considered for practical applications. Also, chemical and mechanical stability of GO membranes [68][69][70][71] should be further investigated at different membrane operation conditions because oxygen functional groups of GO membranes are susceptible to any harsh condition such as high temperature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene-based membranes: status and prospects

Yoon

Cho

Park

2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

107

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Recently, graphene-based membranes have been extensively studied, represented by two distinct research directions: (i) creating pores in graphene basal plane and (ii) engineering nanochannels in graphene layers. Most simulation results predict that porous graphene membranes can be much more selective and permeable than current existing membranes, also evidenced by some experimental results for gas separation and desalination. In addition, graphene oxide has been widely investigated in layered membranes with two-dimensional nanochannels, showing very intriguing separation properties. This review will cover state-of-the-art of graphene-based membranes, and also provide a material guideline on future research directions suitable for practical membrane applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphene-based membranes: status and prospects

Yoon

Cho

Park

2016

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

107

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“…Dikin et al investigated the mechanical properties of GO papers with thicknesses varying from 2.5 to 25 μm with tensile testing . Kang et al used nano‐indentation on a dynamic contact module system to measure the mechanical properties of 50‐ and 60‐nm‐thick GO films . Park et al characterized the mechanical properties of one, two, and three overlapped layers of GO platelets using atomic force microscopy (AFM) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thickness Dependence of the Mechanical Properties of Free‐Standing Graphene Oxide Papers

Gong

Lam

Liu

et al. 2015

Adv Funct Materials

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wileyonlinelibrary.commolecules, so GO is hydrophilic and can easily be dispersed in water. [ 2 ] The freestanding laminated GO membranes that are prepared from GO solutions can play an important role in many technological applications, including surface coatings, [ 3 ] ionic and molecular sieving, [4][5][6] hydrogen storage, [ 7,8 ] transparent and fl exible electronics, [9][10][11][12] composites, [ 13,14 ] micro-and nanoscale devices, [ 15 ] and biology and medicine. [ 16,17 ] GO papers require certain mechanical properties to provide adequate resistance to the mechanical loads and harsh environments that arise in commercial applications and must retain structural integrity over their lifetimes.Dikin et al. investigated the mechanical properties of GO papers with thicknesses varying from 2.5 to 25 µm with tensile testing. [ 2 ] Kang et al. used nano-indentation on a dynamic contact module system to measure the mechanical properties of 50-and 60-nm-thick GO fi lms. [ 18 ] Park et al. characterized the mechanical properties of one, two, and three overlapped layers of GO platelets using atomic force microscopy (AFM). [ 19 ] The Young's moduli measured with nanoresonators consisting of thin, stacked GO fi lms were found to surpass values obtained in previous measurements. [ 20 ] These results suggest that the mechanical properties of GO fi lms or papers, such as stiffness and fracture strength, might vary with thickness; however, no systematic study of this issue has been carried out to date.Graphene oxide (GO) papers are candidates for structural materials in modern technology due to their high specifi c strength and stiffness. The relationship between their mechanical properties and structure needs to be systematically investigated before they can be applied to the broad range fi elds where they have potential. Herein, the mechanical properties of GO papers with various thicknesses (0.5-100 µm) are investigated using bulge and tensile test methods; this includes the Young's modulus, fracture strength, fracture strain, and toughness. The Young's modulus, fracture strength, and toughness are found to decrease with increasing thickness, with the fi rst two exhibiting differences by a factor of four. In contrast, the fracture strain slightly increases with thickness. Transmission electron, scanning electron, and atomic force microscopy indicate that the mechanical properties vary with thickness due to variations in the inner structure and surface morphology, such as crack formation and surface roughness. Thicker GO papers are weaker because they contain more voids that are produced during the fabrication process. Surface wrinkles and residual stress are found to result in increased fracture strain. Determination of this structure-property relationship provide improved guidelines for the use of GO-based thin-fi lm materials in mechanical structures.

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“…The nanoindentation technique is carried out by exerting a sharp and hard tip into a sample material and simultaneously recording the force-displacement data which will provide the information on the mechanical properties of the material that has been tested [13]. A considerable number of researches has utilized this technique to investigate the mechanical properties of polymers and graphene-based materials [1], [14]- [19]. Kotsilkova et al [1] investigated the mechanical properties of the freestanding and the supported bilayer graphene/poly (methylmethacrylate) films.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zhang and Pan [18] in their study analyzed the mechanical properties and a number of layers of graphene from the nanoindentation. Kang et al [19] had conducted some research on the mechanical properties of the freestanding graphene oxide (GO) films. The experiment was carried out using nanoindentation on the system of a dynamic contact module (DCM).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Characterization of Freestanding Poly (Methyl Methacrylate)/Monolayer Graphene Membrane

et al. 2020

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Graphene-polymer based materials are gaining more popularity among researchers due to its mechanical properties that are found to be suitable to be used in various micro/nanoscale application requiring highly sensitive sensors. This research ventured into the fabrication and characterization process of a freestanding poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) on monolayer graphene (Gr) yielding a (PMMA/Gr) membrane. In the process of transferring the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) graphene film over a cavity that was developed on a silicon substrate, the wet transfer method was used. Five repetitions of the nanoindentation testing had been carried out on the flexible membrane which resulted in a reproducible deflection, when exerted with a maximum loading of 10 mN. The indented (PMMA/Gr) membrane showed an identical elastic behavior with Young's modulus of 0.18 GPa. The highest deflection of approximately 22 µm at 1.6 mN maximum loads and the tensile stress of 0.58 MPa was obtained from the indentation testing analysis. The combination of PMMA-Graphene materials as a membrane has shown impressive changes to its mechanical properties. Besides maintaining its viscoelastic-plastic behavior which contributed to its flexibility, the presence of a graphene layer provided strong support to prevent damages to the membrane. Meanwhile, PMMA properties with low elastic modulus have contributed to the increased of the mechanical sensitivity of the membrane. Based on this research, the mechanical sensitivity of (PMMA/Gr) is reported to be 0.15 nm/Pa, which is much higher compared to a typical conventional membrane. It was proven that the hybrid (PMMA/Gr) membrane was extremely sensitive to the subjected pressures, thus, shown its potential to be applied as a micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) capacitive pressure sensor.

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Mechanical properties of free-standing graphene oxide

Cited by 36 publications

References 31 publications

Graphene-based membranes: status and prospects

Graphene-based membranes: status and prospects

Thickness Dependence of the Mechanical Properties of Free‐Standing Graphene Oxide Papers

Development and Characterization of Freestanding Poly (Methyl Methacrylate)/Monolayer Graphene Membrane

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