Mechanical Properties, Crack Width, and Propagation of Waste Ceramic Concrete Subjected to Elevated Temperatures: A Comprehensive Study

Abstract

Waste ceramic concrete (WOC) made from waste ceramic floor tiles has several economic and environmental benefits. Fire is one of the most common disasters in buildings, and WOC is a brittle construction material; therefore, the mechanical properties of WOC structures under high temperatures should be considered. According to previous studies, hybrid fiber can further reduce damage to concrete under high temperatures. Meanwhile, crack width and propagation are among the key characteristics of concrete materials that need to be considered, but few studies have focused on their behavior when subjected to elevated temperatures. The new concrete materials proposed by the authors are WOC and WOC-Hybrid. WOC was prepared with Natural Coarse Aggregates (NCA), Natural Fine Aggregate (NFA), Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC 43 grade), and ceramic waste tiles with 20% replacements for coarse aggregates, 10% replacements for fine aggregates, and 10% replacement for cement. In contrast, WOC-Hybrid was prepared with the addition of hybrid fiber (1% crimped steel fiber and 1% polyvinyl alcohol fiber) in WOC. The specimens were exposed to temperatures of 100–300 °C, and then the specimens were tested for tensile and compressive strength. The present study aims to find a new method to improve concrete resistance to elevated temperatures at the lowest costs by experimental and computational analysis via machine learning models. The application of machine learning models such as artificial neural networks (ANN) and multiple linear regression (MLR) was employed in this study to predict the compressive and tensile strength of concrete. The linear coefficient correlation (R2) and mean square error (MSE) were evaluated to investigate the performance of the models. Based on the experimental analysis, the results show that the effect of hybrid fiber on the crack width and propagation is greater than that on the crack width and propagation of WOC and PC after exposure to high temperatures. However, the enhanced effect of hybrid fiber on the mechanical properties, rack width, and propagation decreases after subjecting it to a high-temperature treatment, owing to the melting and ignition of hybrid fibers at high temperatures. Regarding the computational analysis, it was found that the developed MLR model shows higher efficiency than ANN in predicting the compressive and tensile strength of PC, WOC, and WOC-Hybrid concrete.

Predictive Modeling of Compressive Strength for Concrete at Super Early Age

“…In order to calculate the fitting parameters, these nonlinear models are generally converted into linear regression models. The multiple linear regression is often used to predict the compressive and tensile strength of concrete [ 26 ]. Taking the power function model as an example, the linear regression equation for this model can be expressed as where is the measured compressive strength of time , is the coefficient matrix of this linear regression equation.…”

“…They found that the relationship between reflection loss and compressive strength is independent of curing temperature. Najm et al [ 25 , 26 ] studied the colour and strength change of the sustainable concrete containing waste ceramic and hybrid fibre in ambient and elevated temperatures. It was found that the appearance of colour alteration usually coincided with the onset of a significant strength loss due to elected temperatures.…”

Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Composites: A Review of the Compressive Strength and Microstructure Analysis

“…Basic research should be prioritized in order to minimize the cost and increase the workability of geopolymers. Based on fundamental research, embarking on solid wastes to explore the preparation of varied characteristics of geopolymers in order to produce high-value-added application domains should be one of the primary paths of future geopolymer research development [ 1 , 266 , 267 , 268 , 269 , 270 ].…”

Sustainable Design of Self-Consolidating Green Concrete with Partial Replacements for Cement through Neural-Network and Fuzzy Technique

“…In addition to per reported documents, concrete incorporating up to 50% fine ceramic aggregates as natural aggregates resulted in higher compressive strength and durability performance. Moreover, the use of up to 40% ceramic waste as coarse aggregates in high-performance concrete revealed a significant reduction in autogenous shrinkage [17,18]. Rubber was used for the partial replacement of fine aggregate up to 7.5% as replacement content which led to a decline in the concrete's desired strength; accordingly, the compressive strength decreased as the rubber incorporation range increased.…”