Mechanical properties and failure characteristics of a recycled CFRP under tensile and cyclic loading

Okayasu, Mitsuhiro; Yamazaki, Tomohiro; Ota, Kohei; Ogi, Keiji; Shiraishi, Toshihiko

doi:10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2013.07.005

Cited by 23 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…It has been reported 16 that failure in a recycled short-fiber CFRP, including micro-cracks and delaminations, was detected during static tensile loading even if a low stress (∼30 MPa) was applied. Such failure occurs as a consequence of localized damage due to fiber/matrix interfacial debonding.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the previous work, Yashiro et al 18 have studied the fracture criterion for prediction of the strength of a CFRP unidirectional laminate with a hole, in which the Tsai-Hill criterion for orthotropic materials was satisfied. It has been reported 16 that failure in a recycled shortfiber CFRP, including micro-cracks and delaminations, was detected during static tensile loading even if a low stress ($30 MPa) was applied. Such failure occurs as a consequence of localized damage due to fiber/matrix interfacial debonding.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The electric voltage generates in the piezoelectric ceramic as the mechanical energy applies to the piezoelectric ceramic due to the vibration, caused by the localized failure (delamination and crack generation). Details of this approach can be found elsewhere in Okayasu et al 16 To examine the fatigue properties of CFRP, low cycle fatigue tests were carried out in which a tensiletensile loading was conducted at a stress ratio (R) 0.1 and frequency ( f ) 1 Hz. The maximum cyclic loading ( max ) was determined on the basis of the ultimate tensile strength ( UTS ) of the related CFRP, and the fatigue tests were executed until the test specimen is fractured completely or till the endurance limit (10 5 cycles).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effects of machined circular holes on the mechanical properties of unidirectional carbon fiber-reinforced plastics

Okayasu

Naito

Fukuyama

et al. 2017

Journal of Composite Materials

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of machined circular holes on the mechanical properties and failure characteristics of a unidirectional CFRP were investigated. Our approach was to change the location and the number of holes: (i) a two-set hole was machined with different modes: (A) parallel, (B) 45°and (C) a direction perpendicular to the loading direction; and (ii) multiple holes from n = 0 to 5 were made in the sample parallel to the loading direction. The higher tensile and higher fatigue strengths were obtained for the CFRP sample produced by mode A, compared to modes B and C. This was attributed to the different extend of the maximum stress and stress distribution, caused by the geometrical effects on the sample. The ultimate tensile strength (σUTS) of the sample was well predicted by the geometrical criterion. If the number of holes was increased from n = 0 to n = 2, the tensile strength decreased dramatically. However, the tensile strength did not strongly decrease further for samples with multiple holes from n = 2 to 5. The tensile strength is correlated with the maximum stress adjacent to the hole(s). Those stress values were verified by a 2D digital image correlation and a finite element analysis. Material failure of the CFRP during tensile loading was revealed by nondestructive testing using a piezoelectric ceramic, and debonding of the fibers occurred even at a low applied stress of approximately 35% σUTS.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of machined circular holes on the mechanical properties of unidirectional carbon fiber-reinforced plastics

Okayasu

Naito

Fukuyama

et al. 2017

Journal of Composite Materials

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It was demonstrated that for composites containing acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐styrene (ABS) resin incorporated with recycled ground CFRP, tensile strength values increased with increasing CFRP content, but a considerable drop was detected for CFRP content above 50%. In particular, poor interfacial bonding was the major reason for the loss in mechanical performance, the failure being related to the de‐bonding of the fiber bundles from the matrix .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Up-cycling end-of-use materials: Highly filled thermoplastic composites obtained by loading waste carbon fiber composite into fluidified recycled polystyrene

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Carbon fibers reinforced epoxy resins are used in a wide range of applications, such as automotive and aerospace industry. Because of their thermosetting nature, recycling at the end of the life cycle is a difficult issue. However, lack of recyclability poses environmental concerns to the use of these composite materials. In this article, a sustainable, cost-effective technological approach aiming at recycling postconsumer carbon fibers reinforced thermosets (CFRT) is proposed. Composites containing 50 and 70 wt% of CFRT particles were prepared by incorporating the filler fraction into a fluidified postconsumer expanded polystyrene matrix. A cold mixing approach consisting in the use of a low boiling solvent as a binder to guarantee the dispersion homogeneity on micro- and macroscopic level was set up. For comparison, analog composites were also prepared through melt mixing process. Morphological, mechanical, and thermal analyses allowed to prove the effectiveness of the cold mixing approach and to evaluate the influence of particle size on the performance of new recycled composites. Thermogravimetric analysis and thermal conductivity tests of samples highlighted further peculiarities of the cold mixing process. The approach proposed is an effective recycling technology for CFRT and could be extended to other postconsumer materials

show abstract

“…This leads to reductions in the mechanical strength of composite made using these type of recyclate. This was shown by Ogi et al (2007) and Okayasu et al (2013) who took crushed CFRP and mixed this with acrylonitrile butadiene-styrene (ABS) resin to create new CFRP, and subsequently conducted a series of tests to understand fundamental properties such as tensile modulus, strength and fracture behaviour. To give an idea of the scale of the crushing, milling and grounding, (Ogi et al 2007) crush 3.4 x 0.4mm 2 pieces of virgin CFRP and the resulting average fiber length resulting from this process is around 200 µm (which is significantly smaller than the original fibres which measure the length of the surface of the sample).…”

Section: Instances Where 'Recycle' and 'Remanufacture' Appear In Indumentioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of end-of-life terminology in the carbon fiber reinforced plastic industry

Paterson

Ijomah

Windmill

2016

International Journal of Sustainable Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

While many studies and reviews into the practices conducted by industry and academia to recycle and remanufacture carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) exist, to date no investigation exists which regards the correctness of the use of terms recycling and remanufacturing. As such, this paper seeks to analyse the CFRP reuse industry's attempt to recycle and remanufacture manufacturing waste CFRP and end of life (EOL) CFRP with an emphasis on the terminology used to describe these practices. Firstly, this paper presents a justification of the importance of using EOL terminology correctly; outlining the benefits and problems associated with using the correct and incorrect terminology. This paper finds that in the case of CFRP remanufacturing, terminology is being applied incorrectly and in the case of CFRP recycling, particular care should be taken when applying the term recycled to CFRP or stating that CFRP has been recycled. Further, this paper proposes new terminology (in keeping with EU directives) which could be adopted by industry and academia working in this area. This paper also finds that in the case of remanufacture, CFRP is incapable of being remanufactured. Council 2012), the end of life vehicles (ELV) directive (European Parliament and Council 2000a), the landfill directive (European Parliament and Council 1999), the incineration of waste directive (European Parliament and Council 2000b), the waste shipment regulation (European Parliament and Council 2006) and the waste framework (WF) (European Parliament and Council 2008). Alongside increasing regulations the demand for CFRP is also increasing, Jahn and Witten (2013) found that global market is forecast to grow 300% between 2010 and 2020. With carbon fiber an expensive product to produce, costing up to £10,000 per ton (Marsh 2009), and although considered a complex waste type, the economic and environmental benefits (

show abstract

Mechanical properties and failure characteristics of a recycled CFRP under tensile and cyclic loading

Cited by 23 publications

References 30 publications

Effects of machined circular holes on the mechanical properties of unidirectional carbon fiber-reinforced plastics

Effects of machined circular holes on the mechanical properties of unidirectional carbon fiber-reinforced plastics

Up-cycling end-of-use materials: Highly filled thermoplastic composites obtained by loading waste carbon fiber composite into fluidified recycled polystyrene

An analysis of end-of-life terminology in the carbon fiber reinforced plastic industry

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About