Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behavior of Ti6Al4V Particles Obtained by Implantoplasty: An In Vitro Study. Part II

Toledano‐Serrabona, Jorge; Sánchez-Garcés, María Ángeles; Gay‐Escoda, Cosme; Valmaseda‐Castellón, Eduard; Camps‐Font, Octavi; Verdeguer, Pablo; Molmeneu, Meritxell; Mur, Francisco Javier Gil

doi:10.3390/ma14216519

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…The alloy containing 4 wt% Mn favors the presence of the Ti-β phase, and Young's modulus (8-9.3 MPa) closer to the trabecular bone. Furthermore, Ti6Al4V was developed by the aerospace industry but was applied to biomedical systems for its strength, corrosion resistance, and biocompatibility [55]. These implants have been fabricated in a variety of shapes, such as cylindrical, cone, hollow and screw shapes, and various diameters.…”

Section: Biomaterials Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latest Trends in Surface Modification for Dental Implantology: Innovative Developments and Analytical Applications

et al. 2022

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An increase in the world population and its life expectancy, as well as the ongoing concern about our physical appearance, have elevated the relevance of dental implantology in recent decades. Engineering strategies to improve the survival rate of dental implants have been widely investigated, focusing on implant material composition, geometry (usually guided to reduce stiffness), and interface surrounding tissues. Although efforts to develop different implant surface modifications are being applied in commercial dental prostheses today, the inclusion of surface coatings has gained special interest, as they can be tailored to efficiently enhance osseointegration, as well as to reduce bacterial-related infection, minimizing peri-implantitis appearance and its associated risks. The use of biomaterials to replace teeth has highlighted the need for the development of reliable analytical methods to assess the therapeutic benefits of implants. This literature review considers the state-of-the-art strategies for surface modification or coating and analytical methodologies for increasing the survival rate for teeth restoration.

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Section: Biomaterials Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latest Trends in Surface Modification for Dental Implantology: Innovative Developments and Analytical Applications

et al. 2022

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“…To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to detect, quantify and analyze debris/particles released from dental implants during implantoplasty including size ranges from both micro-and nano-scales. Numerous studies have previously shown the presence of titanium particles in peri-implant mucosa [6,12], especially around fixtures suffering from peri-implantitis [13,21,30,[40][41][42], but these investigations failed to perform a detailed description and analysis and the metal debris investigated. Most importantly, previous studies were not able to quantify the particles embedded on the peri-implant tissues.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peri-implantitis is an infection in which oral hygiene undoubtedly plays a role in its generation, but sometimes people with very good oral hygiene can be observed with infection, or vice versa, people with poor oral hygiene can be observed without infection. Therefore, the generation of infection can have many variables to consider: genetic factors, hygiene, the presence of particles that facilitate infection or the distribution of occlusal contacts that can cause disorders in the oral cavity [17,[38][39][40]42,45].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Particles and Debris Released after Implantoplasty: A Comparative Study

Cai

Mur

et al. 2022

Materials

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Titanium particles embedded on peri-implant tissues are associated with a variety of detrimental effects. Given that the characteristics of these detached fragments (size, concentration, etc.) dictate the potential cytotoxicity and biological repercussions exerted, it is of paramount importance to investigate the properties of these debris. This study compares the characteristics of particles released among different implant systems (Group A: Straumann, Group B: BioHorizons and Group C: Zimmer) during implantoplasty. A novel experimental system was utilized for measuring and collecting particles generated from implantoplasty. A scanning mobility particle sizer, aerodynamic particle sizer, nano micro-orifice uniform deposit impactor, and scanning electron microscope were used to collect and analyze the particles by size. The chemical composition of the particles was analyzed by highly sensitive microanalysis, microstructures by scanning electron microscope and the mechanical properties by nanoindentation equipment. Particles released by implantoplasty showed bimodal size distributions, with the majority of particles in the ultrafine size range (<100 nm) for all groups. Statistical analysis indicated a significant difference among all implant systems in terms of the particle number size distribution (p < 0.0001), with the highest concentration in Group B and lowest in Group C, in both fine and ultrafine modes. Significant differences among all groups (p < 0.0001) were also observed for the other two metrics, with the highest concentration of particle mass and surface area in Group B and lowest in Group C, in both fine and ultrafine modes. For coarse particles (>1 µm), no significant difference was detected among groups in terms of particle number or mass, but a significantly smaller surface area was found in Group A as compared to Group B (p = 0.02) and Group C (p = 0.005). The 1 first minute of procedures had a higher number concentration compared to the second and third minutes. SEM-EDS analysis showed different morphologies for various implant systems. These results can be explained by the differences in the chemical composition and microstructures of the different dental implants. Group B is softer than Groups A and C due to the laser treatment in the neck producing an increase of the grain size. The hardest implants were those of Group C due to the cold-strained titanium alloy, and consequently they displayed lower release than Groups A and B. Implantoplasty was associated with debris particle release, with the majority of particles at nanometric dimensions. BioHorizons implants released more particles compared to Straumann and Zimmer. Due to the widespread use of implantoplasty, it is of key importance to understand the characteristics of the generated debris. This is the first study to detect, quantify and analyze the debris/particles released from dental implants during implantoplasty including the full range of particle sizes, including both micro- and nano-scales.

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“…These results are also in agreement with the residual stress results. Samples with higher residual stresses are more unstable and will therefore facilitate their chemical degradation by increasing the release of ions into the medium [ 42 , 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Characterization of Titanium Particles Released from Bone-Level Titanium Dental Implants: Effect of the Size of Particles on the Ion Release and Cytotoxicity Behaviour

et al. 2022

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Many studies are being carried out on the particles released during the implantoplasty process in the machining of dental implants to remove bacterial biofilms. However, there are no studies on the release of particles produced by the insertion of bone-level dental implants due to the high compressive frictional loads between the rough titanium implant and the bone tissue. This paper aims to characterize the released particles and determine the release of titanium ions into the physiological environment and their cytocompatibility. For this purpose, 90 dental implants with a neck diameter of 4 mm and a torque of 22 Ncm were placed in 7 fresh cow ribs. The placement was carried out according to the established protocols. The implants had a roughness Ra of 1.92 μm. The arrangement of the particles in the bone tissue was studied by micro-CT, and no particle clusters were observed. The different granulometries of 5, 15, and 30 μm were obtained; the specific surface area was determined by laser diffraction; the topography was determined by scanning electron microcopy; and the particles were chemically analysed by X-ray energy microanalysis. The residual stresses of the particles were obtained by X-ray diffraction using the Bragg-Bentano configuration. The release of titanium ions to the physiological medium was performed using ICP-MS at 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days. The cytocompatibility of the particles with HFF-1 fibroblast and SAOS-2 osteoblast cultures was characterized. The results showed that the lowest specific surface area (0.2109 m2/g) corresponds to the particles larger than 30 μm being higher than 0.4969 and 0.4802 m2/g of those that are 5 and 15 μm, respectively, observing in all cases that the particles have irregular morphologies without contamination of the drills used in the surgery. The highest residual stresses were found for the small particles, −395 MPa for the 5 μm particles, and −369 for the 15 μm particles, and the lowest residual stresses were found for the 30 μm particles with values of −267 MPa. In all cases, the residual stresses were compressive. The lowest ion release was for the 30 μm samples, as they have the lowest specific surface area. Cytocompatibility studies showed that the particles are cytocompatible, but it is the smallest ones that are lower and very close to the 70% survival limit in both fibroblasts and osteoblasts.

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Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behavior of Ti6Al4V Particles Obtained by Implantoplasty: An In Vitro Study. Part II

Cited by 18 publications

References 46 publications

Latest Trends in Surface Modification for Dental Implantology: Innovative Developments and Analytical Applications

Latest Trends in Surface Modification for Dental Implantology: Innovative Developments and Analytical Applications

Characteristics of Particles and Debris Released after Implantoplasty: A Comparative Study

The Characterization of Titanium Particles Released from Bone-Level Titanium Dental Implants: Effect of the Size of Particles on the Ion Release and Cytotoxicity Behaviour

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