Mechanical Performance of Plastics

Brostow, Witold; Singh, R. P.

doi:10.1002/0471440264.pst451

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The glass transition temperature (T g ) was taken as the midpoint of the change of heat capacity increment ("C p /2) associated with the glass-rubber transition. The specific heat increment "C p associated with T g of amorphous phase of semicrystalline PTT, was calculated from the vertical distance between two extrapolated baselines at the glass transition temperature according to the literature [32]. The nominal melting temperature (T m ) was defined as the of peak of the melting endo therm during heating from 25 to 250°C, and the nominal crystallization temperature (T c ) was defined as the peak of the crystallization exotherm upon cooling from 250 to -25°C.…”

Section: Characterization Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…using the bending mode at a frequency of 1 Hz, and at a heating rate of 3°C/min from -100 to 250°C. The glass transition temperature was taken as the temperature at the maximum !-relaxation peak of the loss modulus E# and tan # curves [32]. The tensile tests were performed on an Instron 1112 tensile testing machine (Norwood, MA,USA) at room temperature.…”

Section: Characterization Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation and characterization of nanocomposites based on COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes and on poly(trimethylene terephthalate)

Szymczyk¹,

Rosłaniec²,

Zenker³

et al. 2011

Express Polym. Lett.

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Poly(trimethylene terephthalate) nanocomposites containing COOH functionalized multi-walled nanotubes were synthesized with in situ polymerization method. The microstructure of the nanocomposites was studied by SEM, in terms of the dispersion state of the nanotubes and the polymer–nanotube interface. The thermal behaviour, mechanical properties and conductivity of these resultant PTT/MWCNTs nanocomposites were studied. The effect of the presence of MWCNTs on cold crystallization of PTT was monitored by dielectric spectroscopy. From thermal analysis study, it is found that the melting temperature and glass transition temperature are not significantly affected by the addition of MWCNTs. The crystallization temperature of PTT matrix is affected by the presence of CNTs. Nanocomposites have slightly higher degree of crystallinity than neat PTT and their thermo-oxidative stability is not significantly affected by the addition of MWCNTs. The study of the isothermal cold crystallization of amorphous PTT and its nanocomposites monitored by dielectric spectroscopy reveals that the presence of MWCNTs have influence on crystallization rate, especially at higher concentration (0.3 wt%). In comparison with neat PTT, the MWCNTs reinforced nanocomposites posses higher tensile strength and Young’s modulus at low MWCNTs loading (0.05–0.3 wt%). In addition, all nanocomposites show reduction of brittleness as compared to the neat PTT. The electrical percolation threshold was found between 0.3 and 0.4 wt% loading of MWCNTs

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Section: Characterization Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characterization Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of nanocomposites based on COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes and on poly(trimethylene terephthalate)

Szymczyk¹,

Rosłaniec²,

Zenker³

et al. 2011

Express Polym. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nelson (41) has reported that these transitions can be related to vibration damping. This is also true for acoustical damping (42). In both of this cases, the strength of the beta transition is taken as a measurement of how effectively a polymer will absorb vibrations.…”

Section: Sub-t G Transitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Mechanical Analysis in the Analysis of Polymers and Rubbers

Menard

2015

Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology

103

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DYNAMIC MECHANICAL ANALYSISsixties when commercial instruments became more user-friendly. About 1966, Gillham developed the TBA (10) and started the modern period of DMA. In 1971, Starita and Macosko (11) built a DMA that measured normal forces and from this came the Rheometrics Corporation. In 1976, Bohlin also developed a commercial DMA and started Bohlin Rheologia. Both instruments used torsional geometry. The early instruments were, regardless of manufacturer, difficult to use, slow, and limited in their ability to process data. In the late seventies, Murayani (12) and Read and Brown (13) wrote books on the uses of DMA for material characterization. Several thermal and rheological instrument companies introduced DMA's in the same time period, and currently most thermal and rheological vendors offer some type of DMA. Polymer Labs offered a dynamic mechanical thermal analyzer (DMTA using an axial geometry in the early 1980s. This was soon followed by an instrument from Du Pont. Perkin-Elmer developed a controlled stress analyzer based on their thermomechanical analyzer (TMA) technology, which was designed for increased low-end sensitivity. Triton Technologies, acquired by Mettler Toledo in 2010, developed a very easy to use design that formalized both immersion and humidity methods. On the high force end of applications, Mettler Toledo also makes an instrument capable of 40 N loads and both Gabo and MetaVib work exclusively in high load instruments. Small vendors include Hitachi, Bosch, and others. The competition between vendors has led to easier to use, faster, and less expensive instruments. The revolution in computer technology, which has so affected the laboratory, changed the latter, and DMA of all types became more user-friendly as computers and software evolved. This movement to easier to use instruments has led to more use in quality control and the development of ASTM standards (14).

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“…An improvement of the attraction between the polymer and the aggregates can also be achieved by adding a coupling agent such as silane to the monomer. This lowers the extent of pore formation and causes a decrement in stiffness [11]. Our main interest consists in grafting polymers onto aggregates surfaces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of polyester fibers and gamma irradiation on mechanical properties of polymer concrete containing CaCO3 and silica sand

Bobadilla-Sanchez¹,

Martínez-Barrera²,

Brostow³

et al. 2009

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. While mineral concretes belong to the oldest composites used by mankind, in an increasing number of applications their compression strength σc and compressive strain at yield point εY are insufficient. Better results can be achieved with polymer concretes (PCs). We use a polymer concrete (PC): an unsaturated polyester resin as the matrix, CaCO3 and silica sand. Moreover, we have applied two further methods to improve its mechanical properties: reinforcement with polyester fibers and gamma irradiation with a 60 Co source. A non-irradiated PC with 5 wt% CaCO3 has σc = 74 MPa, an irradiated sample with optimized CaCO3 contents 122 MPa. Scanning electron micrographs show that irradiation increases the interface areas between the fibers and the matrix. Improvements from 47 to 176% in εY values are achieved with respect to the conventional PC without fibers, non-irradiated and containing only one mineral component.

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Mechanical Performance of Plastics

Cited by 14 publications

References 49 publications

Preparation and characterization of nanocomposites based on COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes and on poly(trimethylene terephthalate)

Preparation and characterization of nanocomposites based on COOH functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes and on poly(trimethylene terephthalate)

Dynamic Mechanical Analysis in the Analysis of Polymers and Rubbers

Effects of polyester fibers and gamma irradiation on mechanical properties of polymer concrete containing CaCO3 and silica sand

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