Mechanical performance of novel bioactive glass containing dental restorative composites

Khvostenko, D.; Mitchell, John C.; Hilton, Thomas J.; Ferracane, Jack L.; Kruzic, Jamie J.

doi:10.1016/j.dental.2013.08.207

Cited by 107 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In any case, the bioreactor fatigue test system presented here represents a reasonable methodology for the study of the role of cyclic loading on biofilm colonization, proving that the combination of cyclic loading and bacterial exposure assists secondary caries propagation. Furthermore, it will also be useful for evaluating new restorative materials (e.g., such as those described in [40]) that are intended to slow or prevent secondary tooth decay.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclic mechanical loading promotes bacterial penetration along composite restoration marginal gaps

et al. 2015

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Objectives Secondary caries is the most common reason for composite restoration replacement and usually forms between dentin and the filling. The objective of this study was to investigate the combined effect of cyclic loading and bacterial exposure on bacterial penetration into gaps at the interface between dentin and resin composite restorative material using a novel bioreactor system and test specimen design. Methods Human molars were machined into 3 mm thick disks with 2 mm deep × 5 mm diameter cavity preparations into which composite restorations were placed. A ∼15-30 micrometer (small) or ∼300 micrometer wide (large) dentin-restoration gap was introduced along half of the interface between the dentin and restoration. Streptococcus mutans UA 159 biofilms were grown on each sample prior to testing in a bioreactor both with and without cyclic loading. Both groups of samples were tested for 2 weeks and post-test biofilm viability was confirmed with a live-dead assay. Samples were fixed, mounted and cross-sectioned to reveal the gaps and observe the depth of bacterial penetration. Results It was shown that for large gap samples the bacteria easily penetrated to the full depth of the gap independent of loading or non-loading conditions. The results for all cyclically loaded small gap samples show a consistently deep bacterial penetration down 100% of the gap while the average penetration depth was only 67% for the non-loaded samples with only two of six samples reaching 100%. Significance A new bioreactor was developed that allows combining cyclic mechanical loading and bacterial exposure of restored teeth for bacterial biofilm and demineralization studies. Cyclic loading was shown to aid bacterial penetration into narrow marginal gaps, which could ultimately promote secondary caries formation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cyclic mechanical loading promotes bacterial penetration along composite restoration marginal gaps

et al. 2015

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“…The BAG surface is purposely not treated to allow it to be slowly dissolved in a body fluid in order to release potentially beneficial ions. It has been shown that this process does not reduce the physical properties of the BAG or BAG-F composite during aging in media or bacteria for up to two months compared to the control composite [2]. However, the surface properties of the composite with BAG are likely affected due to the dissolution, especially in the face of a bacterial challenge which may represent an extrinsic factor that can alter the surface appearance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…New dental composites are being developed with bioactive additives having the potential to render them less susceptible to oral bacteria and promoting of tooth remineralization [1,2]. These composites will be used in all areas of the mouth, and will therefore have the same requirement for initial and long term esthetics as current materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BAGs are considered a potential candidate as filler particles in resin-based dental composites, because they can enhance hard tissue regeneration and show some antimicrobial effect on oral microorganisms by the dissolution of the glass and releasing of ions in body fluids [1,4,5]. A recent study reported that BAG containing composites showed mechanical properties comparable to commercial composites [2]. Also, adding a filler particle based on a fluoride-containing BAG (BAG-F) enabled the composite to release both calcium and fluoride ions in solution, and to be rechargeable with fluoride upon exposure to external fluoride solutions [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of biofilm formation on the optical properties of novel bioactive glass-containing composites

Hyun

Ferracane

2016

Dental Materials

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Objective Bioactive glass (BAG) has been suggested as a possible additive for dental restorative materials because of its antimicrobial effect and potential for promoting apatite formation in body fluids. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of bacterial biofilm on the change of colorimetric value and translucency of novel BAG-containing composites having different initial surface roughness. Methods Composites with 72 wt% total filler load were prepared by replacing 15% of the silanized Sr glass with BAG (65 mole% Si; 4% P; 31% Ca), BAG-F (61% Si; 31% Ca; 4% P; 3% F; 1% B), or silanized silica. Light-cured discs of 2-mm thickness (n=10/group) were divided into 4 different surface roughness subgroups produced by wet polishing with 600 and then up to 1200, 2400, or 4000 grit SiC. CIE L*a*b* were measured and the color difference and translucency parameter (TP) were calculated before and after incubating in media with or without a S. mutans (UA 159) biofilm for 2 wks (no agitation). Results were analyzed using ANOVA/Tukey's test (α = 0.05). Results All the color differences for BAG and BAG-F composite showed significant decreases with bacterial biofilm compared to media-only. The mean TP (SD) of BAG and BAG-F composite before aging [10.0 (2.8) and 8.5 (1.4)] was higher than that of the control composite [4.9 (0.8)], while the change in TP with aging was greater compared to the control with or without bacteria. BAG-F composites with the smoothest surfaces showed a greater decrease in TP under bacterial biofilm compared to the BAG composite. Significance Highly polished dental composites containing bioactive glass additives may become slightly rougher and show reduced translucency when exposed to bacterial biofilms, but do not discolor any more than control composites that do not contain the BAG.

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“…[25] Because of its much greater surface area, sol-gel-derived BAG has the potential to more readily release these ions in composites, and be rechargeable when exposed to topical sources of calcium and fluoride. Furthermore, studies of composites formulated with BAG have shown that the mechanical properties are not significantly compromised by addition of 12 to 15 wt% BAG, [26,27] and the total material loss for a nonsilanated bioglass-contaning composite was not quite 1% after 60 days in DI water. [27]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion release from, and fluoride recharge of a composite with a fluoride-containing bioactive glass

et al. 2014

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Objectives Materials that are capable of releasing ions such as calcium and fluoride, that are necessary for remineralization of dentin and enamel, have been the topic of intensive research for many years. The source of calcium has most often been some form of calcium phosphate, and that for fluoride has been one of several metal fluoride or hexafluorophosphate salts. Fluoride-containing bioactive glass (BAG) prepared by the sol-gel method acts as a single source of both calcium and fluoride ions in aqueous solutions. The objective of this investigation was to determine if BAG, when added to a composite formulation, can be used as a single source for calcium and fluoride ion release over an extended time period, and to determine if the BAG-containing composite can be recharged upon exposure to a solution of 5,000 ppm fluoride. Methods BAG 61 (61% Si; 31% Ca; 4% P; 3% F; 1% B) and BAG 81 (81% Si; 11% Ca; 4% P; 3% F; 1% B) were synthesized by the sol gel method. The composite used was composed of 50/50 Bis-GMA/TEGDMA, 0.8% EDMAB, 0.4% CQ, and 0.05% BHT, combined with a mixture of BAG (15%) and strontium glass (85%) to a total filler load of 72% by weight. Disks were prepared, allowed to age for 24 h, abraded, then placed into DI water. Calcium and fluoride release was measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy and fluoride ion selective electrode methods, respectively, after 2, 22, and 222 h. The composite samples were then soaked for 5 min in an aqueous 5,000 ppm fluoride solution, after which calcium and fluoride release was again measured at 2, 22, and 222 h time points. Results Prior to fluoride recharge, release of fluoride ions was similar for the BAG 61 and BAG 81 composites after 2 h, and also similar after 22 h. At the four subsequent time points, one prior to, and three following fluoride recharge, the BAG 81 composite released significantly more fluoride ions (p<0.05). Both composites were recharged by exposure to 5,000 ppm fluoride, although the BAG 81 composite was recharged more than the BAG 61 composite. The BAG 61 composite released substantially more calcium ions prior to fluoride recharge during each of the 2 and 22 h time periods. Thereafter, the release of calcium at the four subsequent time points was not significantly different (p>0.05) for the two composites. Significance These results show that, when added to a composite formulation, fluoride-containing bioactive glass made by the sol-gel route can function as a single source for both calcium and fluoride ions, and that the composite can be readily recharged with fluoride.

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Mechanical performance of novel bioactive glass containing dental restorative composites

Cited by 107 publications

References 52 publications

Cyclic mechanical loading promotes bacterial penetration along composite restoration marginal gaps

Cyclic mechanical loading promotes bacterial penetration along composite restoration marginal gaps

Influence of biofilm formation on the optical properties of novel bioactive glass-containing composites

Ion release from, and fluoride recharge of a composite with a fluoride-containing bioactive glass

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